Kinesin-1-mediated axonal transport of CB1 receptors is required for cannabinoid-dependent axonal growth and guidance Saez, Trinidad María de Los Milagros; Fernandez Bessone, Iván; Rodriguez, María S.; Alloatti, Matías; Otero, María G.; Cromberg, Lucas Eneas; Pozo Devoto, Victorio Martin; Oubiña, Gonzalo; Sosa, Lucas Javier; Buffone, Mariano Gabriel; Gelman, Diego Matias; Falzone, Tomas Luis Endocannabinoids (eCB) modulate growth cone dynamics and axonal pathfinding through the stimulation of cannabinoid type-1 receptors (CB1R), the function of which depends on their delivery and precise presentation at the growth cone surface. However, the mechanism involved in the axonal transport of CB1R and its transport role in eCB signaling remains elusive. As mutations in the kinesin-1 molecular motor have been identified in patients with abnormal cortical development and impaired white matter integrity, we studied the defects in axonal pathfinding and fasciculation in mice lacking the kinesin light chain 1 (Klc1^-/-^) subunit of kinesin-1. Reduced levels of CB1R were found in corticofugal projections and axonal growth cones in Klc1^-/-^ mice. By live-cell imaging of CB1R-eGFP we characterized the axonal transport of CB1R vesicles and described the defects in transport that arise after KLC1 deletion. Cofilin activation, which is necessary for actin dynamics during growth cone remodeling, is impaired in the Klc1^-/-^ cerebral cortex. In addition, Klc1^-/-^ neurons showed expanded growth cones that were unresponsive to CB1R-induced axonal elongation. Together, our data reveal the relevance of kinesin-1 in CB1R axonal transport and in eCB signaling during brain wiring.

Trichoderma in Argentina: State of art Trichoderma en la Argentina: Estado del arte; Trichoderma in Argentina: state of art Amerio, Natalia Soledad; Castrillo, María Lorena; Bich, Gustavo Angel; Zapata, Pedro Dario; Villalba, Laura L. Las metodologías que se aplican para manejar los sistemas agrícolas y agroforestales tienen efectos notables en la producción de alimentos y en la conservación de la biodiversidad. Las enfermedades que causan los hongos fitopatógenos son uno de los problemas críticos en la agricultura argentina. A partir de la necesidad de encontrar mecanismos que eleven la productividad del campo, en los últimos años se intensificó la búsqueda de estrategias de control de enfermedades agrícolas que sean alternativas al control químico, buscando, además, disminuir los riesgos ambientales y sanitarios que derivados de éste. El hongo Trichoderma es uno de los agentes que más se usan en los programas de control biológico como reguladores de hongos fitopatógenos. Esta revisión tiene como objetivo realizar una compilación de toda la información disponible respecto al estado del arte de Trichoderma como controlador biológico en la Argentina, con el fin de referenciar diferentes instituciones del país que centralizan a este hongo en sus investigaciones. Cerca de 70 grupos de universidades e institutos de investigación describieron aproximadamente diez especies diferentes de Trichoderma con capacidad antagonista, y se estudiaron alrededor de 35 cultivos y 40 patógenos. La especie de Trichoderma más utilizada como agente de control biológico es Trichoderma harzianum, seguida por Trichoderma koningii y Trichoderma viride. Actualmente, en el mercado argentino existen cerca de 14 bioproductos cuyo principio activo son cepas de Trichoderma. Las crecientes iniciativas de las instituciones nacionales sobre estos estudios son básicas para el desarrollo de tecnologías innovadoras y para lograr una agricultura más productiva y ambientalmente sostenible en el país.; The methodologies applied in agricultural and agroforestry systems management have great impacts on food production and biodiversity conservation. Diseases caused by phytopathogenic fungi are one of the major problems in the agriculture of Argentina. The need to find mechanisms that increase the productivity of agricultural and agroforestry systems has driven the search for less risky and more environmentally friendly control strategies of agricultural diseases. Trichoderma fungus is one of the most commonly used agents in biological control programs as a phytopathogenic fungi regulator. This review aims to compile all the available information regarding the state of art of Trichoderma in Argentina as a biological control agent, in order to reference different institutions of the country that focus their research on this fungus. Nearly 70 groups, representing universities and research institutes, have described approximately ten different species of Trichoderma with antagonistic capacity associated to 35 crops and 40 pathogens. The most used Trichoderma species as a biological control agent is Trichoderma harzianum, followed by Trichoderma koningii and Trichderma viride. Currently, there are around 14 bioproducts in the argentine market whose active principles are strains of Trichoderma. The growing initiatives of the national institutions on these studies are crucial for the development of innovative technologies to achieve a more productive and environmentally sustainable agriculture for the country.

Interneuron NMDA receptor ablation induces hippocampus-prefrontal cortex functional hypoconnectivity after adolescence in a mouse model of schizophrenia Alvarez, Rodrigo Javier; Pafundo, Diego Esteban; Zold, Camila Lidia; Belforte, Juan Emilio Although the etiology of schizophrenia is still unknown, it is accepted to be a neurodevelopmental disorder that results from the interaction of genetic vulnerabilities and environmental insults. Although schizophrenia’s pathophysiology is still unclear, postmortem studies point toward a dysfunction of cortical interneurons as a central element. It has been suggested that alterations in parvalbumin-positive interneurons in schizophrenia are the consequence of a deficient signaling through NMDARs. Animal studies demonstrated that early postnatal ablation of the NMDAR in corticolimbic interneurons induces neurobiochemical, physiological, behavioral, and epidemiological phenotypes related to schizophrenia. Notably, the behavioral abnormalities emerge only after animals complete their maturation during adolescence and are absent if the NMDAR is deleted during adulthood. This suggests that interneuron dysfunction must interact with development to impact on behavior. Here, we assess in vivo how an early NMDAR ablation in corticolimbic interneurons impacts on mPFC and ventral hippocampus functional connectivity before and after adolescence. In juvenile male mice, NMDAR ablation results in several pathophysiological traits, including increased cortical activity and decreased entrainment to local gamma and distal hippocampal theta rhythms. In addition, adult male KO mice showed reduced ventral hippocampus-mPFC-evoked potentials and an augmented low-frequency stimulation LTD of the pathway, suggesting that there is a functional disconnection between both structures in adult KO mice. Our results demonstrate that early genetic abnormalities in interneurons can interact with postnatal development during adolescence, triggering pathophysiological mechanisms related to schizophrenia that exceed those caused by NMDAR interneuron hypofunction alone.

Influence of Strain Amplitude on the Microstructural Evolution and Flow Properties of Copper Processed by Multidirectional Forging Alves Flausino, Paula Cibely; Landim Nassif, Maria Elisa; de Castro Bubani, Franco; Pereira, Pedro Henrique R.; Paulino Aguilar, Maria Teresa; Cetlin, Paulo Roberto Commercial-purity copper (99.8%) is processed by multidirectional forging (MDF) using strain amplitudes per compression (Δε) of 0.15 and 0.30, leading to accumulated strains (ε) of up to ≈10.8. It is shown that increasing the accumulated strain causes continuous reactions at the substructural level, involving the progressive evolution of dislocation arrangements toward structures having high misorientation angles. This evolution depends upon the strain amplitude in MDF processing and is characterized by the fragmentation of the original grains due to formation and intersection of micro shear bands (MSBs) assisted by dynamic recovery processes. Higher Δε enhances the “monotonic” character of processing, resulting in a higher fraction of MSBs and band intersections, increased work hardening, flow stresses, and dislocation density, lower cell/subgrain and grain sizes, and faster grain refinement kinetics, compared with MDF under lower Δε. The yield strength of copper, measured along a direction orthogonal to that of the previous compression step, is lower than the flow stress at the end of this compression step, and this behavior becomes more prominent with increasing ε and Δε.

Influence of functionalization, surface area and charge distribution of SBA15-based adsorbents on CO (II) and NI (II) removal from aqueous solutions Rodríguez Estupiñán, Paola; Legnoverde, María Soledad; Simonetti, Sandra Isabel; Díaz Compañy, Andres Carlos Daniel; Juan, Alfredo; Giraldo, Liliana; Moreno Piraján, Juan Carlos; Basaldella, Elena Isabel Amino functionalized solids were obtained by anchoring ethoxysilane and ethylenediaminetetraacetic groups onto the surface of a mesostructured silica SBA-15. The materials were characterized by nitrogen adsorptiondesorption, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and potentiometric titration. The samples SBA-15, SBA-15 -NH2 and SBA-15-EDTA were tested in the simple and competitive adsorption of Co (II) and Ni (II) ions from aqueous solutions. The equilibrium data were analyzed using the Langmuir isotherm by nonlinear regression analysis. The influence of textural and chemical characteristics of the three different silicas on Co (II) and Ni (II) removal was also studied. A complementary study based on density functional theory was performed. Adsorption isotherms of Ni and Co fitted well with Langmuir model, exhibiting high adsorption capacity of 47.7 and 27.4 mg of metal/g of SBA-15, 62.9 and 59.7 mg of metal/g of SBA-15-NH2 and 74 and 67.7 mg of metal/g of SBA-15-EDTA, respectively, in simple adsorption tests. In the case of adsorption from binary solutions, both cations compete for the same active sites, a preferential Ni adsorption being shown. A detailed data analysis demonstrated that EDTA functionalization allows the best retention efficiency of both heavy metals from their corresponding aqueous solution.

Vascos y prensa en la pampa húmeda: Escenarios y necesidades (1850/1950); Basques and press in the humid Pampa: Scenarios and needs (1850/1950) Irianni, Marcelino Desde 1860, la presencia vasca asentada en unos pocos barrios porteños, era notable. Dos décadas más tarde comenzaban a organizarse institucionalmente y ensayar pequeñas editoriales. A una semana de marcha hacia el sur, la comunidad vasca de la ciudad de Tandil también destacaba en el conjunto. Lo suficiente, incluso, para contar con un periódico propio. Sin embargo, eso no ocurrió. Indagaremos sobre las experiencias euskaldunas sobre el particular en distintos escenarios y coyunturas. El inocultable sentimiento de identidad regionalista de los vascos en el interior pampeano no es un elemento a descartar. Los ámbitos de sociabilidad que caracterizaron a esta comunidad y el rol de vecino que desplazaba al de extranjero en sociedades nuevas como la de Tandil, tampoco.; From 1860, the Basque presence settled in a few Buenos Aires neighborhoods, was remarkable. Two decades later they began to institutionally organize and rehearse small publishing houses. After a week of marching towards the south, the Basque community of the city of Tandil also stood out in the group. Enough, even, to have a newspaper of their own. However, that did not happen. We will investigate about the Basque experiences on the subject in different scenarios and conjunctures. The unconcealed sense of regionalist identity of the Basques in the interior of the Pampas is not an element to be discarded. The areas of sociability that characterized this community and the role of neighbor that displaced the one of foreigner in new societies like the one of Tandil, either.

Development and Validation of a Novel ELISA for the Detection of Neospora Caninum Antibodies in Bovine Sera Mansilla, Florencia Celeste; Gual, Ignacio; Pereyra, Rodrigo; Turco, Cecilia Soledad; Capozzo, Alejandra Victoria Neospora caninum is a world-wide distributed apicomplexan parasite, causative agent of bovine neosporosis, which is one of themajor causes of reproductive losses in cattle affecting both dairy and beef industries. Several techniques are regularly used for the diagnosis of bovine neosporosis. Amongst them, serological techniques are generally preferred, being IFAT the traditionally accepted reference method for diagnosis (gold standard). However, ELISA has become the most eligible method for large-scale screening ofspecific antibodies against N. caninum in diagnostic laboratories around the world, providing results that can be easily standardized between laboratories, within a few hours at a relative low-cost. There is no local production of commercial ELISA tests nor in Argentina neither in South America, therefore they must be purchased abroad, turning unfeasible the routinely use of ELISA tests. Here we have developed and validated accordingly to OIE specifications a novel ELISA test based on soluble antigens from N. caninum tachyzoites to accurately determine the presence of specific antibodies anti- N. caninum antigens in bovine sera samples, enabling the rapid, objective and low-cost diagnosis of bovine neosporosis in Argentina; replacing IFAT and avoiding delays and high importation taxes.

T Cell Epitope Predictions Peters, Bjoern; Nielsen, Morten; Sette, Alessandro Throughout the body, T cells monitor MHC-bound ligands expressed on the surface of essentially all cell types. MHC ligands that trigger a T cell immune response are referred to as T cell epitopes. Identifying such epitopes enables tracking, phenotyping, and stimulating T cells involved in immune responses in infectious disease, allergy, autoimmunity, transplantation, and cancer. The specific T cell epitopes recognized in an individual are determined by genetic factors such as the MHC molecules the individual expresses, in parallel to the individual's environmental exposure history. The complexity and importance of T cell epitope mapping have motivated the development of computational approaches that predict what T cell epitopes are likely to be recognized in a given individual or in a broader population. Such predictions guide experimental epitope mapping studies and enable computational analysis of the immunogenic potential of a given protein sequence region.

Derivatization and rapid GC-MS screening of chlorides relevant to the chemical weapons convention in organic liquid samples Kuitunen, Marja Leena; Altamirano, Jorgelina Cecilia; Siegenthaler, Peter; Taure, Terhi Hannele; Häkkinen, Vesa Antero; Vanninen, Paula Sinikka A simple derivatization technique was developed for the analysis of seven Schedule 3 chemicals and one Schedule 2 chemical listed in the Chemical Weapons Convention (CWC). Phosgene, phosphorus oxychloride, phosphorus trichloride, phosphorus pentachloride, thionyl chloride, sulfur monochloride, sulfur dichloride (Schedule 3) as well as arsenic trichloride (Schedule 2) were derivatized using 1-propanol in 40% pyridine solution for analysis with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC?MS). Derivatization temperature and concentration of the derivatization solution were optimized for maximum derivatization recovery. The stabilities of the target analytes and their derivatives in different solvents were studied. The derivatization yield showed a linear response within the analyte concentration range of 0.1?2 mM (10?200 µg/ml) with correlation coefficients > 0.99 (r2), except for AsCl3 which did not show a linear response after derivatization. Good reproducibility with relative standard deviations (RSDs) from 3 to 13% was achieved. The derivatization recovery was 66% for phosgene and 67?80% for the P-containing chemicals phosphorus oxychloride, phosphorus trichloride and phosphorus pentachloride. Recommendations to use the method for screening the presence of these chemicals in organic liquid samples are given. The method is used when CWC-related samples are screened at VERIFIN.

Characterization of chemical parameters in surface sediments from a semi-enclosed frontal system: The case of the San José Gulf, Patagonia Argentina Hernández Moresino, Rodrigo Daniel; Giarratano, Erica; Gil, Monica Noemi The San José Gulf (SJG) is a highly productive basin where a seasonal frontal system takes place, supporting a small-scale fishery on bivalves. In terms of benthonic resources, sediments and the overlying water column are strongly linked and both are affected by the prevalent bottom hydrodynamics. In this work, several chemical variables were assessed to evaluate sediment variability during the frontal system formation and were linked to grain size sediments and bottom water circulation. Four sectors were identified within SJG. Sector 1 comprises two reduced areas characterized by the highest contents of the studied chemical parameters (total organic matter, phytopigments, and total ammonium) due to low hydrodynamic conditions, which facilitate the sedimentation of fine grains and other particles. Sector 2 is characterized by moderate values of chemical parameters, encompassing the surrounding area of Sector 1. Sectors 3 and 4 represent the largest area of SJG, which show low concentrations of chemical variables associated with coarse-grain sediments and with the prevalence of high-energy hydrodynamic conditions. The higher amount of total organic matter in the whole SJG in spring than summer emphasizes the role of seasonal changes in temperate regions, with the formation of a thermocline during spring-summer. This is in concordance with the observed falling of redox potential in summer, suggesting consumption of the available oxygen by the activity of aerobic microorganisms and the transformation from oxidized to reduced sediments. Phytopigments and TOM were good descriptors of the environmental quality, being in the same order than those reported for marine coastal sediments in meso-eutrophic regions.

Historical shell form variation in Lottia subrugosa from southeast Brazilian coast: Possible responses to anthropogenic pressures Harayashiki, Cyntia Ayumi Yokota; Martins, Camila Pratalli; Márquez, Federico; Bigatti, Gregorio; Castro, Ítalo Braga Mollusk shells can provide important information regarding environmental parameters. It is known that shell morphology is affected by both natural and anthropogenic factors. However, few studies have investigated alterations in shell morphology over a historical perspective and considering chemical contamination and climate changes. The present study assessed shell form (shape and size) variations of limpet (Lottia subrugosa) shells sampled from 1950 to 1981 (past) in comparison with organisms obtained in 2018 (present). Differences between shells from the past and present (2018) were detected, being shell weight and height the two most important affected parameters. The differences observed were attributed to the possible increase in contamination over the years due to human population growth and to climate change. Additionally, when shells from the past were evaluated according to the decade they were sampled, results indicate that it was necessary an interval of 40 years to shell form be altered within populations.

Hacia una deconstrucción de la unión mujer-madre Giallorenzi, María Laura Este trabajo propone un abordaje sobre la maternidad basado en los campos disciplinares de la filosofía, la sociología, la historia y la psicología, así como de los estudios sobre género y las teorías desarrolladas por los feminismos. En este sentido, en un primer apartado, se busca definir y caracterizar a la maternidad, poniendo en discusión ciertos enfoques que, desde diversas perspectivas, han centrado su mirada crítica en la asociación unívoca entre mujer y maternidad y la reducción de la feminidad a la maternidad que se ha ido construyendo a lo largo de la historia.En un segundo apartado, se plantea como alrededor de la maternidad se gestan algunas discursividades y operaciones culturales que tienden a perpetuar la unión mujer-madre. Para dar lugar aldesentrañamiento de dichas operaciones culturales, se profundiza en la construcción socio-política de la maternidad, y con ella de las categorías de: maternalizacion de las mujeres, maternazgo y maternalismo. Este análisis, permite situar cómo se fuerongestando diferentes sistemas de legitimación de la maternidad como destino para todas las mujeres. El objetivo de pensar y conceptualizar a la maternidad bajo estas lecturas críticas, está dado en buscar, que la maternidad signifique también una experiencia de emancipación para las mujeres y un espacio por el cual obtener los derechos necesarios para ejercer dicho rol.

A free boundary problem for a diffusion–convection equation Briozzo, Adriana Clotilde; Tarzia, Domingo Alberto One-dimensional free boundary problem for a nonlinear diffusion - convection equation with a Dirichlet condition at fixed face x=0, variable in time, is considered. Throught several transformations the problem is reduced to a free boundary problem for a diffusion equation and the integral formulation is obtained. By using fixed point theorems, the existence and uniqueness of solution, for small time, to a system of coupled nonlinear integral equations is obtained.

De qué van las epistemologías críticas en la Ciencia Política Rovetto, Florencia Laura; Zanucolli, Mariel; Taruselli, María Victoria La presente discusión se enmarca en un proyecto de investigación cuyo principal objetivo consiste en relevar y sistematizar experiencias de investigadores que, desde el campo disciplinar de la Ciencia Política Argentina, apuestan a ensayar alternativas epistemológicas y metodológicas, con sentidos contrahegemónicos. Entre ellos, destacamos los insoslayables aportes de los feminismos para revisar la construcción de conocimientos en las Ciencias Sociales, en general, y en los presupuestos de la Ciencia Política, en particular. En primer lugar, centramos el eje de la discusión en sus cuestionamientos a las formas canonizadas de producción disciplinar, interpelando el vínculo de «los saberes politológicos» con los sujetos políticos y recuperando la posición del sujeto cognoscente como parte de la situación de investigación. En segundo lugar, proponemos criterios para sistematizar estas experiencias que nos permitan ensayar prácticas pedagógicas e institucionales capaces de alojar nuevas formas de producir conocimiento crítico y habitar las instituciones universitarias. De esta manera, intentamos transcender los mecanismos meramente reproductivos de su función, favoreciendo la interacción de la academia con el medio social, mediante objetivos de intelección crítica y transformadora.

Cómo afrontar la pandemia del Coronavirus (Covid-19) en las Américas: recomendaciones y líneas de acción sobre salud mental; Coping with the Coronavirus (Covid-19) pandemic in the Americas: recommendations and guidelines for mental health Gallegos de San Vicente, Miguel Omar; Zalaquett, Carlos; Luna Sánchez, Sandra Elizabeth; Mazo Zea, Rodrigo; Ortiz Torres, Blanca; Penagos Corzo, Julio C.; Portillo, Nelson; Torres Fernández, Ivelisse; Urzúa, Alfonso; Morgan Consoli, Melissa; Polanco, Fernando Andrés; Florez, Ana María; Lopes Miranda, Rodrigo El 11 de marzo del 2020 la Organización Mundial de la Salud declaró pandemia a la enfermedad ocasionada por el Covid-19, la cual provoca efectos tanto en la salud física como mental de las personas infectadas por el virus, así como en el personal sanitario que las asiste. Dada la escasa disponibilidad de guías y recomendaciones elaboradas por instituciones psicológicas a nivel continental para afrontar los efectos en la salud mental, investigadores de la Sociedad Interamericana de Psicología (SIP) se propusieron el objetivo de construir una guía de recomendaciones sobre diferentes temas y problemáticas psicológicas. Para esto, se realizó una revisión sistemática de la literatura científica referida a la afectación de la salud mental provocada por este tipo de pandemia. Con base en la información recuperada y analizada de diversas bases de datos científicos (PsycInfo, Scielo, Redalyc y Dialnet), fuentes documentales procedentes de organismos nacionales e internacionales de salud mental, consulta a expertos en salud mental y diversas investigaciones científicas, se redactó un documento orientador para afrontar las consecuencias emocionales y psicosociales del Covid-19. Se espera que este aporte sea de utilidad para orientar a la ciudadanía y las prácticas profesionales de los psicólogos y psicólogas, y se constituya en una herramienta que sustente la toma de decisiones en las organizaciones psicológicas y en los organismos gubernamentales en salud pública de los diferentes países de las Américas.; On March 11, 2020, the World Health Organization declared a pandemic caused by Covid-19, a disease that affects both the physical and mental health of people infected with the virus, as well the health personnel who assist them. Given the limited availability of guides and recommendations prepared by psychological institutions at a continental level to face the effects on mental health, researchers from the Inter-American Society of Psychology (SIP) have created some recommendations on different psychological issues and problems relate to the disease and pandemic. To accomplish this this, a systematic review of the scientific literature on mental health issues caused by this type of pandemic was carried out. Based on the information recovered and analyzed from various scientific databases (PsycInfo, Scielo, Redalyc and Dialnet), documentary sources from national and international mental health organizations, consultation with experts in mental health and various scientific investigations, we have created the following guiding document for facing the emotional and psychosocial consequences of Covid-19. It is hoped that this contribution will be useful in guiding both laypeople and professional psychologists, and will become a tool to support decision-making in psychological organizations and public health government agencies of different countries of the Americas.

Acceso, usos y problemas en la educación virtual: una aproximación a las experiencias de estudiantes y docentes durante la cuarentena obligatoria en Argentina; Access, uses and problems in virtual education: an approach to the experiences of students and teachers during compulsory quarantine in Argentina Hernández, Andrés Eduardo El presente artículo se propone reconstruir un estado de situación a partir de las experiencias y representaciones de docentes y estudiantes, durante el período de cuarentena obligatoria, en el contexto de la pandemia mundial por Covid-19. A partir de ello se intenta contribuir a profundizar el debate acerca de las transformaciones y problemáticas emergentes que están teniendo lugar en el marco de la llamada educación virtual, prestando especial ataención al actual escenario que se abre a la par de la implementación de políticas de confinamiento o aislamiento preventivo. Se espera que una lectura como esta, en clave de acceso, usos y problemas permita seguir de cerca las desigualdades que afectan a los países de nuestra región.; This article aims to reconstruct a state of a situation based on the experiences and representations of teachers and students, during the period of compulsory quarantine, in the context of the global pandemic by Covid-19. From this, an attempt is made to contribute to deepening the debate about the transformations and emerging problems that are taking place within the framework of the so-called virtual education, paying special attention to the current scenario that is opening up alongside the implementation of confinement policies or preventive isolation. It is expected that reading like this, in terms of access, uses, and problems will allow us to closely follow the inequalities that affect the countries of our region.

An influenza epidemic model with dynamic social networks of agents with individual behaviour López, Leonardo; Fernández, Maximiliano Andrés; Gómez, Andrea; Giovanini, Leonardo Luis There is an interplay between the spread of infectious disease and the behaviour of individuals that can be
modelled through a series of interconnected dynamical feedback blocks. Specifically, the outbreak of an infectious
disease can trigger behavioural responses, at the group and individual levels, which in turn influences
the epidemic evolution. Daily life interactions can be modelled through adaptive co-evolutionary networks
whose nodes represent the interconnected individuals. In this paper we introduce an individual-based model
where the behaviour of each agent is determined by both external stimuli and perception of its environment. It is
built as a combination of three interacting blocks that model the fundamental aspects of an epidemic: i) individual
behaviour, ii) social behaviour and iii) health state.

Cultura visual y pandemia: reflexiones acerca de un virus a la vista Dipaola, Esteban Marcos En el artículo se realiza una reflexión acerca de los efectos de la cultura visual global en la pandemia por Covid-19, atendiendo a cómo el virus aparece en el ámbito de lo visible y cuáles son las consecuencias sociológicas, políticas y culturales de la situación.

Mediatización de las epidemias: la cobertura sobre la pandemia de la gripe A (H1N1) de 2009 en Argentina, Estados Unidos y Venezuela; Mediatizing Epidemics: News Coverage of the A (H1N1) Influenza Pandemic of 2009 in Argentina, the United States and Venezuela Hallin, Dan; Briggs, Charles; Martini Briggs, Clara; Spinelli, Hugo; Sy, Anahi En este artículo se explora la mediatización de las epidemias como objeto de conocimiento público, mediante un análisis de contenido de las noticias sobre la gripe A (H1N1) de 2009 en Argentina, Estados Unidos y Venezuela. Los resultados indican que los periódicos siguieron los esfuerzos de las autoridades sanitarias de movilizar la atención pública y, simultáneamente, contener la alarma exagerada y los discursos sobre el virus.

La pandemia que estremece al capitalismo; The pandemic that shakes capitalism Katz, Claudio Isaac El coronavirus es una calamidad natural potenciada por el capitalismo, que a diferencia de la guerraexige protección y no destrucción de vidas humanas. Detonó las tensiones previas de la financiarización y la superproducción y precipitó los desequilibrios acumulados con laglobalización, la urbanización y el agro-negocio. La crisis irrumpió por ausencia de correlatos sanitarios de la mundialización. La contraposición negacionista entre salud y economía es falsa. Laactividad productiva puede adaptarse a la emergencia, mediante las regulaciones que rechaza eneoliberalismo. Las advertencias de la pandemia fueron ignoradas por la baja rentabilidad de su prevención y la competencia actual entre las farmacéuticas ha derivado en piratería entre losgobiernos. Mientras China contiene una infección que estalló por la expansión del capitalismo,Estados Unidos afronta el contagio en forma caótica. Ya abandonó su disfraz de auxiliador delmundo. La gestión nacional de la pandemia quebranta a la Unión Europea.; The coronavirus is a natural calamity powered by capitalism, which, unlike war requires protection and not destruction of human lives. It detonated previous tensions of financialization and overproduction and precipitated accumulated imbalances with globalization, urbanization, and agribusiness. The crisis erupted due to the absence of health correlates of globalization. The denialist contrast between health and economy is false. Productive activity can adapt to the emergency, through regulations that neoliberalism rejects. The pandemic's warnings were ignored because of the low cost effectiveness of its prevention, and current competition among pharmaceutical companies has led to piracy among governments. While China contains an infection that erupted due to the expansion of capitalism, the United States faces contagion in a chaotic way. He has already abandoned his disguise as a helper of the world. The national management of the pandemic breaks the European Union.