Effect of plant nutritional traits on the diet of grasshoppers in a wetland of Northern Patagonia Amadio, María Emilia; Pietrantuono, Ana Laura; Lozada, Mariana; Fernandez Arhex, Valeria Cristina Dichroplus maculipennis is one of the most damaging grasshoppers of wetlands. We investigated their feeding behavior in relation to the most abundant plants of Patagonian wetlands. Results showed that D. maculipennis was able to select its food resources and displayed a mixed diet. The most consumed plant was Taraxacum officinale, which contains a large amount of protein and water. However, consumption decreased when offered simultaneously with Juncus balticus and Holcus lanatus. Therefore, diet varied according to the supply of plants that were offered. In future studies, it would be interesting to analyze the influence of diet on performance.

Sixty years of hail suppression activities in Mendoza, Argentina: Uncertainties, gaps in knowledge and future perspectives Rivera, Juan Antonio; Otero, Federico; Naranjo Tamayo, Elizabeth Beatríz; Silva, Martín This paper provides a perspective based on the evaluation of scientific evidence of hail suppression activities in Mendoza, Argentina. The province of Mendoza was home to several cloud-seeding projects over the years intended to prevent hail damage to agriculture. Those projects were motivated by the paramount importance of wine production for the regional and national economy. We discuss the uncertainties and gaps in knowledge identified in the results from the hail suppression activities, framing the available research over the study area on a global context. The results of this study indicate that there is no unequivocal scientific evidence that proves a statistically significant reduction of hail frequency and size as a consequence of hail suppressing activities in Mendoza. Such lack of evidence questions the reliability of the projects after almost 60 years of cloud seeding. By analyzing the existing gaps in knowledge in terms of observations, modeling evaluations and understanding of severe convective systems, the study provides a description of future directions and alternatives for hail damage mitigation that need a better science-policy integration. This study can be replicated in other regions where hail suppressing activities are taking place.

Earthworms to improve glyphosate degradation in biobeds Lescano, Maia Raquel; Masin, Carolina Elisabet; Rodriguez, Alba Rut; Godoy, José Luis; Zalazar, Cristina Susana In this work, earthworm effect on the efficiency of biobeds for glyphosate degradation was studied. Three biomixtures with and without the addition of earthworms (Eisenia fetida species) were evaluated. The initial concentration of glyphosate was 1000 mg/kg biomixture. Glyphosate and biological parameters were measured as a function of time. Earthworm survival, biomass, and reproduction were evaluated as well. All biomixtures that contain earthworms reached 90% of glyphosate degradation at 90 days in comparison with the biomixtures without earthworms that reached 80% approximately at the same time.Also, within the biomixtures that contained earthworms, glyphosate degradation rate was significantly higher in the one made up with soil and wheat stubble (Ws-E) showing excellent capacity for aminomethylphosphonic acid (AMPA) degradation, the mainmetabolite of glyphosate degradation. In addition, a study performed after the vermiremediation process showed that E. fetida can tolerate high glyphosate concentration without modifications in its life traits. It can be concluded that the use of E. fetida withinthe biobeds is an excellent combination to improve glyphosate and AMPA removal.

Short-term effects of whale watching boats on the movement patterns of southern right whales in Península Valdés, Patagonia, Argentina Chalcobsky, Bárbara Ailen; Crespo, Enrique Alberto; Coscarella, Mariano Alberto Whale watching in Patagonia began in 1973, with the southern right whale (Eubalaena australis) as a target. Thus far, only short-term effects of whale watching on behaviour have been evaluated. The southern right whale population is increasing locally and expanding to adjacent areas. We evaluated boat effects on the biological system through the analysis of breathing rate, linearity, reorientation rate and total distance travelled. Short-term movement patterns of SRW in the area are not severely affected by whale watching operations in Puerto Pirámide at this level of activity. However, significant changes in breathing rates in the presence of boats deserve further attention considering that whales return the same location. In light of the present work, the whales that breed at Península Valdés may be tolerant to whale watching boats.

Propuesta metodológica para definir unidades locales de gestión para el ordenamiento territorial rural; Methodological proposal to define management units for rural land‐use planning Sales, Romina Giselle Actualmente en Latinoamérica existe una creciente preocupación por la planificación de los territorios rurales, particularmente en el marco del ordenamiento territorial. Sin embargo, las particularidades de los territorios rurales construidas por los actores locales aún no han sido atendidas en profundidad. En este artículo definimos los conceptos de territorio y capital social para analizar las redes sociales y la manera en que son percibidas por los actores con el fin de elaborar una propuesta metodológica para definir unidades locales de gestión para el ordenamiento territorial rural. La metodología consta de 4 etapas que, a través de técnicas de recolección cualitativas y cuantitativas y análisis de datos basado en la codificación, permite definir los límites analíticos de la unidad a través de un sistema de información geográfico. Para aplicar la metodología seleccionamos un estudio de caso en el departamento de Santa Rosa, Mendoza-Argentina. Sostenemos que al incorporar la unidad local de gestión en el diseño de políticas territoriales es posible atender las singularidades que inscriben los actores locales en territorios rurales. De esta manera, la planificación territorial podría enriquecer sus acciones al abordar la escala local, es decir, al considerar como unidad de análisis a los sujetos y sus redes.; Currently, in Latin America, there is a growing concern for the planning of rural territories, particularly in the context of land use planning. However, the distinctive features of the rural territories which are built by the local actors have not yet been addressed in depth. In this article, we define the concepts of territory and social capital to analyze the social networks and how the actors perceive them in order to elaborate a methodological proposal to define local management units for rural land use planning. The methodology consists of four stages that, through qualitative and quantitative techniques and data analysis based on coding, enables the definition of the analytical limits of the unit with the support of a geographical information system. To apply the methodology, we selected a case study in the department of Santa Rosa, Mendoza-Argentina. The consideration of the local management unit in the design of land use policies allows addressing the singularities that local actors express in rural territories. In this way, land use planning could be enriched by approaching the local scale, that is, by considering subjects and their networks as analysis units.

On Schatten restricted norms Miglioli, Martín Carlos We consider norms on a complex separable Hilbert space such that ⟨aξ,ξ⟩≤‖ξ‖2≤⟨bξ,ξ⟩ for positive invertible operators a and b that differ by an operator in the Schatten class. We prove that these norms have unitarizable isometry groups, our proof uses a generalization of a fixed point theorem for isometric actions on positive invertible operators. As a result, if their isometry groups do not leave any finite dimensional subspace invariant, then the norms must be Hilbertian. That is, if a Hilbertian norm is changed to a close non-Hilbertian norm, then the isometry group does leave a finite dimensional subspace invariant. The approach involves metric geometric arguments related to the canonical action on the non-positively curved space of positive invertible Schatten perturbations of the identity.

Achievements and challenges in the use of metronomics for the treatment of breast cancer Scharovsky, Olga Graciela; Rico, Maria Jose; Mainetti, Leandro Ernesto; Perroud, Herman Andrés; Rozados, Viviana Rosa Two interesting therapeutic proposals for cancer treatment emerged at the beginning of the 21st century. The first one was metronomic chemotherapy, which refers to the chronic administration of chemotherapeutic agents, in low doses, without extended drug-free periods. Then, the idea of drug repositioning in oncology, the use of well-known drugs that were created for other uses to be utilized in oncology, gained strength. Shortly after, the two strategies were merged in one, named metronomics. Both approaches share several features which make metronomics an appealing choice for cancer treatment: use of known and approved drugs, thus diminishing the time necessary to enter to the clinic, therapeutic effect, low toxicity, oral administration, better life quality, low costs because of the use of, generally, out of patent drugs, possibility of use, even in countries with very low economic resources.Many chemotherapy and repurposed drugs were tested with metronomics approaches for the treatment of mammary cancer, the most common malignancy in women worldwide, leading to high rates of mortality. The wide range of therapeutic models studied, paralleled the wide range of responses obtained, like tumor growth and metastasis inhibition, overall survival increase, lack of toxicity, better life quality, among others. The accomplishments reached, and the challenges faced by researchers, are discussed.

Two new species of Gyrodactylus von Nordmann, 1832 parasitizing Cnesterodon decemmaculatus (Poeciliidae) from the southern limit of the family in the Neotropical region Taglioretti, Verónica; García Vásquez, Adriana; Rossin, Maria Alejandra; Pinacho Pinacho, Carlos Daniel; Rubio Godoy, Miguel; Timi, Juan Tomas In this study, we followed an integrative taxonomy approach to describe two new species of Gyrodactylus von Nordmann, 1832, and to identify specimens of G. breviradix Vega, Razzolini, Arbetman, and Viozzi, 2019, all three collected from ten spotted live-bearer Cnesterodon decemmaculatus (Jenyns, 1842), an endemic and widespread poeciliid from the Pampean region, which is the southernmost occurring species of the Poeciliidae in the Americas. Gyrodactylids were first characterized morphologically and mophometrically, and when possible, sequences of the Internal Transcribed Spacers (ITS1-5.8S-ITS2) and the cytochrome oxidase II (COII) were used to delimit species. Gyrodactylus breviradix, Gyrodactylus marplatensis n. sp., and Gyrodactylus pampeanus n. sp. were found on the fins and body surface of C. decemmaculatus in La Tapera Creek, Mar del Plata, Buenos Aires province, Argentina. A phylogenetic analysis combining newly generated sequences of one of the new species, G. marplatensis n. sp., and of G. breviradix, along with those available in GenBank for a further 36 species of Gyrodactylus, revealed that G. marplatensis n. sp. is a sister taxon of Gyrodactylus decemmaculati Vega, Razzolini, Arbetman, and Viozzi, 2019. Genetic distances for the ITS and COII gene were estimated among Gyrodactylus spp. and further supported the validity of the new species. Overall, morphometric and molecular data coincided in delimiting the new taxa, thus demonstrating the value of integrative taxonomy for the erection of new species of Gyrodactylus and species identification.

A new species of Ameloblastella Kritsky, Mendoza-Franco & Scholz, 2000 (Monogenoidea: Dactylogyridae) from South American freshwater catfishes (Siluriformes: Pimelodidae) Mendoza Palmero, Carlos A.; Rossin, Maria Alejandra; Irigoitia, Manuel Marcial; Scholz, Tomáš Ameloblastella martinae n. sp. is described from the gills of the pimelodid catfishes (Siluriformes: Pimelodidae) Sorubim lima (Bloch & Schneider) (type-host) and Hemisorubim platyrhynchos(Valenciennes) in the Peruvian Amazonia, and on Pseudoplatystoma corruscans (Spix & Agassiz) and P. recticulatum Eigenmann & Eigenmann in Argentina. The new species is distinguished from other congeners mainly by the morphology of the male copulatory organ (MCO), which has a form of acorkscrew with tight rings, whereas in other species of Ameloblastella Kritsky, Mendoza-Franco & Scholz, 2000, the MCO is formed by a delicate and coiled tube forming loose rings. Sclerotised structures (haptoral elements and MCO) of specimens of A. martinae n. sp. were used to compare two parasite populations (from Peru and Argentina) using Euclidean distances. Despite the geographical isolation and different hostassociations, both populations belong to the same species. The phylogenetic position of A. martinae n. sp. was analysed using partial sequences of the 28S mrDNA gene along with 46 species of dactylogyrid parasites of siluriforms (Siluriformes) under Maximum Likelihood (ML) and Bayesian Inference (BI) criteria. Phylogenetic reconstructions showed that Ameloblastella represented by five species, including its type-species A. chavarriai (Price, 1936) from the heptapterid Rhamdia guatemalensis and A. martinaen. sp., was recovered as a well-supported monophyletic group (in both analyses, ML and BI). An additional species, Ameloblastella sp., was found on P. corruscans and P. reticulatum in Argentina. The morphology of the MCO and haptoral elements suggests that Ameloblastella sp. may represent a new species. However, the few specimens found and the lack of genetic sequences of this species precluded its formal description.

A High-Definition tDCS and EEG study on attention and vigilance: Brain stimulation mitigates the executive but not the arousal vigilance decrement Luna, Fernando Gabriel; Román Caballero, Rafael; Barttfeld, Pablo; Lupiáñez Castillo, Juan; Martín Arévalo, Elisa Attention comprises a wide set of processes such as phasic alertness, orienting, executive control, and the executive (i.e., detecting infrequent targets) and arousal (i.e., sustaining a fast reaction) vigilance components. Importantly, the effects of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) over attentional functioning have beenmostly addressed by measuring these processes separately and by delivering offline tDCS with low precision over the stimulation region. In the current study, we examined the effects of online High-Definition tDCS (HD-tDCS) over the behavioral and electrophysiological functioning of attentional and vigilance components. Participants (N ¼ 92) were randomly assigned to one of three stimulation groups: right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex stimulation, right posterior parietal cortex (PPC) stimulation, and sham. All of them performed in combination with the HD-tDCS protocol an attentional networks task (ANTI-Vea) suitable to measure the executive and arousal components of vigilance along with three typical attentional functions: phasic alertness, orienting, and executive control. In addition, EEG was registered at the baseline and at the post-stimulation period. We observed that, regardless the stimulation region, online HD-tDCS: (a) reduced phasic alertness (p < .008), but did not modulated the orienting and executive control functioning; and (b) mitigated the executive vigilance decrement (p < .011), but did not modulated arousal vigilance across time-on-task. Interestingly, only HD-tDCS over PPC reduced considerably the increment of alpha power observed across time-on-task (p < .009). The current study provides further evidence for both an empirical dissociation between vigilance components and the cortical regions underlying attentional processes. We highlight the advantages of using online HD-tDCS to examine the stimulationeffects on attentional and vigilance functioning.

Observaciones antropológicas sobre situaciones de acusación, intimidación y hostigamiento a personas asociadas a la COVID-19 en la República Argentina Matta, Juan Pablo; Pizarro, Matías Rafael; Bahl, Brenda Mirella; Larrea, Natalia Jimena; Mariano, Mercedes; Godoy, Mariana Inés La coyuntura que inaugura la propagación a escala planetaria de lo que ha sido reconocido como COVID-19 en tanto enfermedad -y SARS-CoV-2 como su virus causante- y que el 11 de marzo de 2020 llevó a la Organización Mundial de la Salud a declararla como pandemia, presenta numerosos interrogantes para las Ciencias Sociales. Se trata de un fenómeno de escala global y de naturaleza compleja y multidimensional que ha impactado en forma drástica -y lo seguirá haciendo- en los más diversos ámbitos de la vida humana alrededor del planeta. En este contexto, la Antropología se enfrenta a nuevos interrogantes y ensaya novedosas modalidades de articulación con los problemas sociales que envuelven sus objetos de estudio. En este artículo repasaremos una experiencia de trabajo en curso desarrollada en el marco del Grupo de Estudios Socioculturales del Conflicto (GESC) de la Facultad de Ciencias Sociales de la UNICEN con la colaboración de una investigadora perteneciente al Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades de la Universidad Nacional de Salta y CONICET, y que caracterizamos como un ejercicio antropológico de emergencia en tanto respuesta circunstancial a una situación crítica que requiere de una acción inmediata.

Vowel-consonant metathesis in Nivaĉle Gutiérrez, Analía Vowel-consonant metathesis is observed in a variety of contexts throughout the Nivaĉle (Mataguayan) grammar. It occurs in both verbal and nominal domains, characteristically resulting from the affixation of a consonant-initial suffix to a consonant-final stem. This paper provides an optimality theoretic account for vowel-consonant metathesis and vowel epenthesis in Nivaĉle. It is demonstrated that metathesis responds to phonological requirements; specifically, it serves to avoid marked structures in the language: complex codas, derived complex onsets, and bad syllable contacts. The prosodic analysis of syllable structure constraints aims to provide broad empirical coverage, as well as a coherent and integrated theoretical interpretation

Acute toxicity of Cd2+, Cr6+, and Ni2+ to the golden mussel Limnoperna fortunei (Dunker 1857) Bálsamo Crespo, Emiliano; Pereyra, Patricio Javier; Silvestro, Anahí Mariel; Hidalgo, Keila; Bulus Rossini, Gustavo Daniel In this study we test the sensitivity of three sizes of golden mussel (Limnoperna fortunei), an introduced species in Argentina, to a 96-h exposure to Cd2+, Cr6+, and Ni2+. We also analysed the relative sensitivity of L. fortunei compared to other freshwater bivalve equivalent sensitivity data. The ANOVA results showed that both factors, heavy metal and size, had signifcant efects (p = 0.0013 and p = 0.0091, respectively) on the mortality of the golden mussel. Tukey’s test showed signifcant diferences for Cr6+ treatment and the smallest size class (7 mm ±1). The relative sensitivity analysis showed that LC50 values for the smallest size class of L. fortunei exposed to Ni2+ and Cd2+ were in the low range, with values of 11.40 mg/L and 12.65 mg/L, respectively. In the case of Cr6+ (1.66 mg/L), its LC50 was in the medium-low range of the freshwater bivalve sensitivity distribution.

Voice Signal Typing Using a Pattern Recognition Approach Miramont, Juan Manuel; Restrepo Rinckoar, Juan Felipe; Codino, J.; Jackson-Menaldi, C.; Schlotthauer, Gaston Voice signal classification in three types according to their degree of periodicity, a task known as signal typing, is a relevant preprocessing step before computing any perturbation measures. However, it is a time consuming and subjective activity. This has given rise to interest in automatic systems that use objective measures to distinguish among the different signal types. The purpose of this paper is twofold. First, to propose a pattern recognition approach for automatic voice signal typing based on a multi-class linear Support Vector Machine, and using rather well-known parameters like Jitter, Shimmer, Harmonic-to-Noise Ratio, and Cepstral Prominence Peak in combination with nonlinear dynamics measures. Two novel features are also proposed as objective parameters. Second, to validate this approach using a large amount of signals coming from two well-known corpora using cross-dataset experiments to assess the generalizability of the system. A total amount of 1262 signals labeled by professional voice pathologists were used with this purpose. Statistically significant differences between all types were found for all features. Accuracies over 82.71% were estimated in all intra-datasets and inter-datasets using cross-validation. Finally, the use of posterior probabilities is proposed as a measure of the reliability of the assigned type. This could help clinicians to make a more informed decision about the type assigned to a voice. These outcomes suggest that the proposed approach can successfully discriminate among the three voice types, paving the way to a fully automatic tool for voice signal typing in the future.

Ethos crítico y a priori histórico de una experiencia posible: contribución filosófica a la noción de crítica desde una ontología del presente Vignale, Silvana Paola Tal como lo anticipa el título de este dossier, la crítica se concibe como el trabajo sobre los límites y las posibilidades de un determinado objeto. Nuestra contribución se ocupará de atender el carácter de la crítica desde una perspectiva filosófica, más específicamente, desde el trabajo filosófico de una ontología del presente. Para eso, la abordaremos en un primer momento como una metódica de la investigación en las ciencias sociales y humanas, tomando distancia del disciplinamiento que busca reducir el trabajo teórico a metodologías prefabricadas. El posicionamiento crítico involucra al investigador en la realidad que investiga, e historiza su emergencia junto al objeto de estudio, con atención a las implicancias entre saber y poder, en el marco de lo que podemos denominar una epistemología crítica.

El proceso de sindicalización de los gremios policiales en Uruguay; The unionization process of police unions in Uruguay Calandrón, Julieta Sabrina; Galar, Santiago; Da Silva Lorenz, Mariana En 2006, formalmente la Policía Nacional de Uruguay obtuvo el derecho a sindicalizarse. Este derecho tuvo como precedente un intenso proceso de intervención de la Policía en la arena pública. Teniendo en cuenta el contexto regional, el objetivo de este artículo es analizar las dimensiones vinculadas con la sindicalización de la Policía uruguaya, atendiendo especialmente a las herramientas políticas desarrolladas y a las diversas adscripciones gremiales que este proceso contiene. Entre los principales resultados, esta investigación evidencia que el modelo sindical habilitado desde las esferas políticas ?que dista de ser el del sindicato ?único y por rama?? posibilita la fragmentación y diversificación de organizaciones que conviven, se asocian o se disputan el poder de acuerdo con las circunstancias y el posicionamiento político frente al Gobierno de turno. Este trabajo se realizó con una metodología cualitativa y exploratoria, esto último como derivación de la ausencia de investigaciones anteriores sobre el tema. Se realizaron entrevistas en profundidad con informantes clave y se reveló información de dos diarios (período 2015-2018) que permitieron reconstruir hechos y dar voz a actores significativos. Finalmente se registraron sitios web institucionales de los sindicatos, complementando esta información con leyes y decretos relacionados con temas surgidos del análisis del corpus.; The National Police of Uruguay obtained the right to unionize in 2006. This right was obtained after an intense intervention process of the Police in the public arena. With the regional context considered, this article seeks to analyze the unionization dimensions of the Uruguayan Police, paying close attention to the political tools developed and the diverse union affiliation in this process. Among its key results, this research highlights how the union model, which has been created by political sectors and is very different from the “trade union”, makes the fragmentation and diversification of organizations possible. These organizations coexist, associate with each other, and contest power according to the circumstances and the political opportunities present with the incumbent government. This research was conducted with a qualitative and exploratory methodology due to the lack of previous studies on this topic. In-depth interviews with key informants were conducted, and the information from two newspapers (2015-2018 period) made it possible to reconstruct facts and to give voices to important actors. Finally, institutional websites from unions were registered, which were complimented with information about laws and decrees related to the themes of analysis of the corpus.

Política exterior y de defensa en Argentina: De los gobiernos kirchneristas a Mauricio Macri (2003-2019); Foreign and Defense Policy in Argentina: From the Kirchner Governments to Mauricio Macri (2003-2019) Busso, Anabella Estela; Barreto, Luis Maximiliano El presente artículo tiene como objetivo avanzar reflexiones exploratorias y preliminares sobre el vínculo entre la política exterior y de defensa en Argentina, abordando los gobiernos kirchneristas (2003-2015) y el gobierno de Mauricio Macri (2015-2019). Se asumen como supuestos que este es un tema escasamente estudiado en dicho país y que la política exterior argentina ha mostrado signos de discontinuidad a lo largo del tiempo. Sobre la base de una estrategia metodológica cualitativa y del análisis de fuentes primarias y secundarias, se asevera que la política exterior ha enmarcado e influenciado a la política de defensa, no viceversa, y que esas influencias variaron en función de cómo los gobiernos nacionales entendieron a la política exterior en tanto política pública, qué propuesta de inserción internacional privilegiaron y qué modelo de desarrollo propusieron.; This paper aims to advance exploratory and preliminary reflections on the link between foreign and defense policy in Argentina, focusing on the Kirchner governments (2003-2015) and the government of Mauricio Macri (2015-2019). The subject has been poorly studied in this country and Argentina's foreign policy has shown signs of discontinuity over time. On the basis of a qualitative methodological strategy and the analysis of primary and secondary sources, it is asserted that foreign policy has framed and influenced defense policy, not vice versa, and that these influences varied depending on how national governments understood foreign policy as a public policy, what international insertion proposal they favored and what development model they proposed.

Agonist Effects of Propranolol on Non-Tumor Human Breast Cells Gargiulo, Lucía; Rivero, Ezequiel Mariano; Di Siervi, Nicolás; Buzzi, Edgardo David; Buffone, Mariano Gabriel; Davio, Carlos Alberto; Luthy, Isabel Alicia; Bruzzone, Ariana The β-blocker propranolol (PROP) has been proposed as a repurposed treatment for breast cancer. The similarity of action between β-agonists and antagonists found on breast cells encouraged us to compare PROP and isoproterenol (ISO, agonist) signaling pathways on a human breast cell line. Cell proliferation was measured by cell counting and DNA-synthesis. Cell adhesion was measured counting the cells that remained adhered to the plastic after different treatments. Changes in actin cytoskeleton were observed by fluorescence staining and Western Blot. ISO and PROP caused a diminution of cell proliferation and an increase of cell adhesion, reverted by the pure β-antagonist ICI-118551. ISO and PROP induced a reorganization of actin cytoskeleton increasing F-actin, p-COFILIN and p-LIMK. While ISO elicited a marked enhancement of cAMP concentrations and an increase of vasodilator-stimulated phosphoprotein (VASP) and cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB) phosphorylation, PROP did not. Clathrin-mediated endocytosis inhibition or β-arrestin1 dominant-negative mutant abrogated PROP-induced cell adhesion and COFILIN phosphorylation. The fact that PROP has been proposed as an adjuvant drug for breast cancer makes it necessary to determine the specific action of PROP in breast models. These results provide an explanation for the discrepancies observed between experimental results and clinical evidence.

Mapas de un futuro posible. Artefactos visuales en la construcción de una representación proyectiva sobre la Patagonia argentina (Bahía Blanca, 1940-1970); Maps of a possible future. Visual artifacts in the construction of a projective representation of the argentinian Patagonia (Bahía Blanca, 1940- 1970) López Pascual, Juliana Este trabajo reconstruye y analiza la producción de imágenes paisajísticas y cartográficas de la Patagonia argentina -ocurrida en Bahía Blanca a mediados del siglo XX- como parte del proceso sociocultural que buscaba consolidar una noción de centralidad de la localidad bonaerense sobre la región sureña. En este sentido, argumentaremos que la gráfica en cuestión se hizo eco de la primacía del sentido de la vista en las sociedades occidentales modernas y contribuyó a la conformación de una cultura visual articulada a la movilización de un amplio sector de la ciudadanía bahiense que, por diferentes vías, buscaba concretar una posición de hegemonía regional.; This work reconstructs and analyzes the production of landscape and cartographic images of the argentinian Patagonia – occurred in Bahía Blanca in the mid-twentieth century – as part of the socio-cultural process that sought to consolidate a notion of centrality of this town over the southern region of the country. In this sense, we will argue that the graphics in question echoed the primacy of the sense of sight in modern western societies and contributed to the conformation of a visual culture which articulated to the mobilization of a broad sector of the Bahía Blanca citizens that, by different ways, were looking for a position of regional hegemony.

El pensamiento tipológico como obstáculo para la arqueología de los procesos de evolución en las sociedades sin Estado; The typological thought as an obstacle to the archaeology of the evolution processes in stateless societies Nielsen, Axel Emil El estudio de aspectos sociales y políticos de las poblaciones que ocuparon el Noroeste argentino durante el Período de Desarrollo Regionales ha captado considerablemente la atención en los últimos años (Cremonte 1992; Nielsen 1988, 1989, 1992; Palma 1993; Raffino 1988; Tarragó 1987). Estos trabajos presentan varios puntos de contacto con los enfoques teóricos sustentados por quienes han investigado la naturaleza de las sociedades que preceden al estado en otros países –notablemente los Estados Unidos- durante las últimas tres décadas, desde la publicación de las obras seminales de Service (1962, 1984 [1975]) y Fried (1967) sobre evolución cultural.