Gabaergic control of anxiety-like behavior, but not food intake, induced by ghrelin in the intermediate medial mesopallium of the neonatal chick Gastón, María Soledad; Schiöth, H. B.; De Barioglio, S. R.; Salvatierra, Nancy Alicia Ghrelin (Grh) is an endogenous ligand of the growth hormone secretagogue receptor. In neonatal chicks, central Ghr induces anxiogenic-like behavior but strongly inhibits food intake. The intermediate medial mesopallium (IMM) of the chick forebrain has been identified to be a site of the memory formation, and the modulation of the GABAA receptors that are present here modifies the expression of behavior. Thus, the GABAergic system may constitute a central pathway for Ghr action in regulating the processes of food intake and stress-related behaviors. Therefore, we investigated if the effect of systemic administration of bicuculline (GABAA receptor antagonist) and diazepam (benzodiazepine receptor agonist) on the anxiety in an Open Field test and inhibition in food intake induced by Grh (30pmol) when injected into IMM, were mediated by GABAergic transmission. In Open Field test, bicuculline was able to block the anxiogenic-like behavior induced by Ghr, whereas diazepam did not produce it. However, the co-administration of bicuculline or diazepam plus Ghr did not show any change in food intake at 30, 60 and 120min after injection compared to Ghr alone. Our results indicate for the first time that Ghr, injected into the forebrain IMM area, induces an anxiogenic-like behavior, which was blocked by bicuculline but not diazepam, thus suggesting that Ghr plays an important role in the response pattern to acute stressor, involving the possible participation of the GABAergic system. Nevertheless, as neither drug affected the hypophagia induced by intra-IMM Ghr, this suggests that it may be mediated by different mechanisms.

Eggplant Zaro, Maria Jose; Vicente, Ariel Roberto; Ortiz, Cristian Matias; Chaves, Alicia Raquel; Concellón, Analía Eggplant, brinjal or aubergine (Solanum melongena L.) is together with tomato among the most widely known edible fruits of the Solanaceae family (Daunay, 2008). Eggplants are thought to be derived from the wild African species, Solanum incanum. The scarlet eggplant (Solanum aethiopicum L.) and the gboma eggplant (Solanum macrocarpon L.), grown and consumed in Africa and represent an important source of genetic variation (Daunay et al., 2001b). Eggplants were already domesticated in Southeast Asia, particularly in Northeast India and southeast China more than 2000 years ago (Sekara et al., 2007). Historical, morphological, and molecular evidence suggests that the Indochinese region is the primary center of diversity of S. melongena (MuñozFalcón et al., 2009). The species was then introduced in Europe through Spain from where it spread to New World (Prohens et al., 2005).

Cheese Breads With Cassava Sour Starch: Quality And Staling Analyses Of A Gluten-Free Alternative Product Lorenzo, Gabriel; Lopez Tenorio, Julian; Morales Moreno, Margarita; Larrosa, Virginia Judit; Rodríguez Sandoval, Eduardo; Zaritzky, Noemi Elisabet; Califano, Alicia Noemi In recent years, production of gluten-free (GF) bakery products from various nonwheat flours or starches, including cassava starch, has led to extensive studies to determine their possible use in breadmaking. GF cheese bread is a traditional product in several Latin-American countries, like Brazil and Colombia among others. Despite no standardized technology exists for its production, GF cheese breads are made mainly with sour (fermented) cassava starch, corn flour, cheese and milk. It is a nutritious food and an alternative source of carbohydrate for people with celiac disease or other allergic intolerances to gluten (wheat protein). Such breads do not undergo yeast fermentation before baking. Sour cassava starch plays an important role in obtaining high swelling power and desirable sensory characteristics. Breads made from mixtures without gluten tend to harden faster than those made from a gluten-wheat starch mixture due to starch retrogradation. The use of emulsifiers has been extensively analyzed in wheat flour breads. However, addition of emulsifiers to gluten-free formulations has been studied in a lesser extent. In the present chapter textural and physical changes during storage of GF.

Provincia de Misiones Bondar, César Iván; Krautstofl, Elena María El objetivo de este capítulo es presentar un diagnóstico sobre la problemática de los derechos humanos de niños y niñas migrantes, a la luz de la Ley 25.871de Migraciones, en la ciudad fronteriza de Posadas, capital de la provincia de Misiones. También, presentar un panorama sobre la situación particular de los niños y niñas migrantes que viven en la zona denominada de la ?Triple Frontera? que conforman las ciudades de Puerto Iguazú (Argentina), Foz do Iguazú (Brasil) y Ciudad del Este (Paraguay).Misiones se identifica como "provincia fronteriza" porque sus límites lindan casi en un 96 porciento con las Repúblicas de Paraguay y Brasil, referencia que da cuenta de una circulación permanente de habitantes entre los tres países. Se trata de una región fronteriza, de un espacio internacional de interacciones y relacionales múltiples e intensas. La permeabilidad de los límites se encuadra en un proceso histórico que se basa en la transnacionalidad, la difusión, el entrecruzamiento de relaciones y rasgos culturales de cuya conjunción surgen rasgos peculiares e identitarios de los pobladores y las poblaciones representativos de la región.

Aportes para la creación del corredor hídrico de las Sierras Chicas: Antecedentes y legislación Rodriguez, Juan Manuel; Tamburini, Daniela Maria La presente contribución tiene como por objetivo ser una herramienta para la creación de un corredor hídrico en el sector oriental de las Sierras Chicas. Desde la perspectiva de la complejidad, la problemática del agua se ha manifestado como un problema ambiental multifactorial y multiescalar que ha despertado el interés de la población que la sufre. Diversas organizaciones sociales, los gobiernos locales y técnicos han propuesto diversas formas de protección de las cuencas hídricas que forman los ríos y arroyos serranos. Sin embargo, la ausencia de propuestas a nivel regional, la no extensión de los ejidos municipales y las soluciones tecnocráticas aisladas, hacen que estas acciones sean poco efectivas desde una gestión integral del recurso hídrico. La creación de un corredor por encima de los 1000 m de altura, favorecerá la conexión entre estas áreas e impondrá un freno a la conversión del tipo de uso de suelo. Se analizó la normativa existente en la provincia de Córdoba para la creación de del corredor, se identificaron las áreas protegidas ya existentes y su jurisdicción y finalmente se proponen acciones a seguir para la creación del corredor hídrico de las Sierras Chicas.

Escala Argentina de Valores Relativos al Trabajo Moreno, José Eduardo; Marcaccio, Antonela La Escala Revisada de Valores Relativos al Trabajo de Porto y Pilati (2010) es un instrumento muy valioso para ser utilizado a lo largo de la vida laboral de un sujeto; ya sea para anticipar, evaluar y mejorar el desempeño laboral, así como para facilitar la toma de decisiones vocacionales. Por este motivo los autores de este trabajo desarrollaron una versión en castellano y su adaptación a la Argentina, resultando una escala final revisada y abreviada de veinte ítemes y cuatro factores. Se presentan los estudios psicométricos previos y los resultados finales de la validación de la Escala Argentina de Valores Relativos al Trabajo en una muestra de 523 adultos y otra de 333 adolescentes. En ambos estudios factoriales se obtuvieron cuatro factores, a saber: Realización Personal, Altruismo, Reconocimiento Social y Aspiraciones Económicas. Se encontraron dimensiones diferentes a las seis descriptas en la escala original para población brasileña. Se eliminaron 18 ítemes de la escala original por complejidad factorial o por baja carga factorial. Los coeficientes alfa de las cuatro subescalas son satisfactorios, es decir que poseen buena consistencia interna. De igual modo el poder de discriminación de los ítemes es adecuado. La premisa de este trabajo fue diferente a la de los autores (Porto y Pilati, 2010) de la versión original de la escala, quienes intentaron construir una prueba de valores laborales que se ajuste a la teoría de valores generales de Schwartz. Los autores del presente trabajo se centraron en determinar las dimensiones de los valores laborales basadas en estudios empíricos.

Motivos vocacionales y ocupacionales: dimensiones Moreno, José Eduardo; Migone de Faletty, Raquel Celia; Picón Janeiro, Jimena Cristina La finalidad de este apartado es introducir al estudio y la evaluación del sistema de valores de las personas. Para ello se decidió adoptar como uno de los ejes expositivos principales el pensamiento y las investigaciones realizadas por Milton Rokeach. Este autor es muy conocido por sociólogos, politólogos y psicólogos de habla hispana debido a sus trabajos acerca de la naturaleza del autoritarismo y la intolerancia, como también por su libro The open and closed mind (Rokeach, 1960) en el cual, teniendo en cuenta las características de la personalidad autoritaria descriptas por Theodor L. W. Adorno (1950), investiga las relaciones entre los sistemas de creencias y la personalidad. Para estas investigaciones Rokeach construyó una escala de dogmatismo utilizada por muchos psicólogos sociales. Por el contrario, son poco conocidos otros textos, no traducidos al castellano, sobre las creencias y los valores.

Emblemas paradojales: imágenes urbanas en reconversión en Olavarría y Tandil Boggi, Silvia Marta; Silva, Ana Cecilia Los procesos de identificación y diferenciación que están en el centro de la producción de imaginarios identitarios urbanos suelen encontrar, como es sabido, apoyaturas clave en un repertorio de imágenes emblemáticas que condensan conjuntos de valores con los que se pretende distinguir a la ciudad como un todo…

Nonlinearity-induced synchronization enhancement in micromechanical oscillators Antonio, Dario; Czaplewski, David A.; Guest, Jeffrey R.; López, Daniel; Arroyo, Sebastián Ismael; Zanette, Damian Horacio An autonomous oscillator synchronizes to an external harmonic force only when the forcing frequency lies within a certain interval - known as the synchronization range - around the oscillator's natural frequency. Under ordinary conditions, the width of the synchronization range decreases when the oscillation amplitude grows, which constrains synchronized motion of micro- and nanomechanical resonators to narrow frequency and amplitude bounds. Here, we show that nonlinearity in the oscillator can be exploited to manifest a regime where the synchronization range increases with increasing oscillation amplitude. Experimental data are provided for self-sustained micromechanical oscillators operating in this regime, and analytical results show that nonlinearities are the key determinants of this effect. Our results provide a new strategy to enhance the synchronization of micromechanical oscillators by capitalizing on their intrinsic nonlinear dynamics.

Virus Linfotrópico T Humano tipo I y II (HTLV-I/II) Eirin, Maria Emilia; Berini, Carolina Andrea; Biglione, Mirna Marcela Epidemiología molecular y diagnóstico del HTLV-1/2- Generalidades y situación en Argentina

From slum to neighborhood: Informal Settlements, safety and presence of state in a mid- size city in the argentinean Patagonia Kaminker, Sergio Andés This text is a result of one the dimensions tackled in the research started two years ago in Puerto Madryn, a mid-size city of the central part of the Argentinean Patagonia. With the general idea of looking into the dynamic and intense process of urbanisation of the city, we will show a part of the field work that exhibits the conflicts and changes in the transition from ‘slum to neighbourhood’ of the north-western informal settlement created in the last decade. The main goal is to show the tensions and differences between the demands of its inhabitants and the presence of the State in the two periods. The approach from an ‘urban safety and security’ perspective allows us to address some important issues from the point of view of the residents and their consequences in the everyday experience.

Genus eligmodontia F. Cuvier, 1837 Lanzone, Cecilia; Braun, Janet K.; Patton, James L.; Pardiñas, Tiberio Maximiliano Members of the genus Eligmodontia, commonly known as gerbil mice, range from southern Peru southward to southernmost Argentina and mainland Chile. This área embraces arid and semi- arid habitats linked to the Andean landscape, from sea level in the southern part of the distribution to above 4,000 m in the north. These rodents are highly desert adapted, and exhibit anatomical, physiological, and behavior specializations that enable their xeric existence (Mares 1977b; G. B. Diaz and Ojeda 1999; Giannoni et al. 2001)

El componente afectivo emocional en los aprendizajes Ricci, Analía Gabriela ¿De qué manera intervienen las emociones sobre nuestra capacidad de aprender? ¿Qué mecanismo neuronal es responsable de la empatía? ¿Cómo favorecemos el desarrollo de la inteligencia emocional?

Cyclodextrin glycosyltransferase production by free cells of Bacillus circulans DF 9R in batch fermentation and by immobilized cells in a semi-continuous process. Costa, Hernán; Rodríguez Gastón, Jorgelina Andrea; Lara, María Julia; Martinez Ortiz, Camila; Moriwaki, Cristiane; Matioli, Graciette; Ferrarotti, Susana Alicia Cyclodextrin glycosyltransferase (CGTase) catalyzes the starch conversion into cyclic or linear oligosaccharides, important industrial products. In this work, conditions to increase the enzyme production from Bacillus circulans strain DF 9R were optimized by two systems. On one hand, free cells were grown in batch fermentation experiments conducted to optimize aeration and pH. The increased production of the enzyme was achieved with aeration of 1.5 vvm at pH regulated to 7.6 after 48 h of growth. On the other hand, bacterial cells were immobilized on vegetable and synthetic sponge and used for CGTase production in a semi-continuous process, by transferring the immobilized cells to a suitable culture medium in successive cycles. An initial biomass of 30 mg of lyophilized cells and an immobilization time of 24 h with vegetal or synthetic sponge was enough to reach the greater production of the CGTase. Sponge immobilized bacteria were re-used in 12 successive cycles, although enzyme production dropped significantly after the sixth cycle reaching around 40 % of initial enzyme activity. Even though the specific productivity was similar in both processes, the semi-continuous process has advantages compared to batch process with free cells because employed an inexpensive and biodegradable matrix, thus making the system potentially appropriate for CGTase production on an industrial scale.

Role of basin width variation in tectonic inversion : insight from analogue modelling and implications for the tectonic inversion of the Abanico Basin, 32°-34° S, Central Andes Jara, Pamela; Likerman, Jeremias; Winocur, Diego Alejandro; Ghiglione, Matias; Cristallini, Ernesto Osvaldo; Pinto, Luisa; Charrier González, Reynaldo We use analogue modelling to investigate the response of compressional deformation superimposed on an extensional basin with along-strike changes in width. Parameters described include extension and shortening distribution and directions, orientation of structures and degree of basin inversion. Two types of model are presented: in the first (Type I), an extensional basin is constructed with variable width (applying differential extension) and subsequently inverted by homogeneous shortening; in the second (Type II), an extensional basin with constant width is subsequently inverted by inhomogeneous shortening (differential compression). From our observations, we compare both types of model to structural patterns observed in some natural cases from the Central Andes. Both models generate oblique structures, but in the Type II model a significant rotation is characteristic. Our results suggest that in the Central Andes region between 32° and 338S, the Abanico Basin may correspond to a basin of smaller area compared to the larger basin south of 33°S. Our Type I model further explains some patterns observed there, from which we conclude that the control exercised by the width of a pre-existing basin should be considered when interpreting the geological evolution of that area of the Andes.

Effective temperature from fluctuation-dissipation theorem in systems with bipartite eigenmode entanglement Bortolin, Tomás Sebastián; Iucci, Carlos Aníbal In thermal equilibrium, the fluctuation-dissipation theorem relates the linear response and correlation functions in a model and observable independent fashion. Out of equilibrium, these relations still hold if the equilibrium temperature is replaced by an observable and frequency-dependent parameter (effective temperature). When the system achieves a long-time thermal state all of these effective temperatures should be equal and constant. Following this approach we examine the long-times regime after a quantum quench in a system with bipartite entanglement in which the asymptotic values of the observable are compatible with the ones obtained in a Gibbs ensemble. We observe that when the initial entanglement is large, and for a large range of (intermediate) frequencies, the effective temperatures corresponding to the analyzed local and nonlocal operators approach an approximate constant value equal to the temperature that governs the decay of correlations. Still, the residual frequency dependence in the effective temperature, and the differences observed among observables, discards strict thermalization.

Sucrose in cyanobacteria: From a salt-response molecule to play a key role in nitrogen fixation Kolman, María de los Ángeles; Nishi, Carolina Nancy; Perez Cenci, Macarena; Salerno, Graciela Lidia In the biosphere, sucrose is mainly synthesized in oxygenic photosynthetic organisms, such as cyanobacteria, green algae and land plants, as part of the carbon dioxide assimilation pathway. Even though its central position in the functional biology of plants is well documented, much less is known about the role of sucrose in cyanobacteria. In those prokaryotes, sucrose accumulation has been associated with salt acclimation, and considered as a compatible solute in low-salt tolerant strains. In the last years, functional characterizations of sucrose metabolizing enzymes, metabolic control analysis, cellular localization of gene expressions, and reverse genetic experiments have revealed that sucrose metabolism is crucial in the diazotrophic growth of heterocystic strains, and besides, that it can be connected to glycogen synthesis. This article briefly summarizes the current state of knowledge of sucrose physiological functions in modern cyanobacteria and how they might have evolved taking into account the phylogenetic analyses of sucrose enzymes.

Ab-initio and DFT calculationd on molecular structure, NBO, HOMO-LUMO study and a new vibrational analysis of 4-(dimethylamino) benzaldehyde Rocha, Mariana; Di Santo, Alfredo Alejandro; Arias, Juan Marcelo; Gil, Diego Mauricio; Ben Altabef, Aída The experimental and theoretical study on the molecular structure and a new vibrational analysis of 4-(Dimethylamino) Benzaldehyde (DMABA) is presented. The IR and Raman spectra were recorded in solid state. Optimized geometry, vibrational frequencies and various thermodynamic parameters of the title compound were calculated using DFT methods and are in agreement with the experimental values. A detailed interpretation of the IR and Raman spectra of the title compound were reported. The stability of the molecule arising from hyper-conjugative interactions and charge delocalization has been analyzed using NBO analysis and AIM approach. The HOMO and LUMO analysis were used to determine the charge transfer within the molecule and some molecular properties such as ionization potential, electron affinity, electronegativity, chemical potential, hardness, softness and global electrophilicity index. The TD-DFT approach was applied to assign the electronic transitions observed in the UV–visible spectrum measured experimentally. Molecular electrostatic potential map was performed by the DFT method. According to DSC measurements, the substance presents a melting point of 72.34 °C and decomposes at temperatures higher than 193 °C.

Artificial additions for cement: reproduction in laboratory of fluidized bed ash Guilarducci, Anabela Guadalupe; Beltramini, Lorelei; Carrasco, María Fernanda; Chiovetta, Mario Gabriel; Grether, Rudy Omar This paper presents a experimental laboratory simulation of wastes that will be produced as a result of the implementation of a circulating fluidized bed (CFB) steam generator that is being built in the town of Rio Turbio in the province of Santa Cruz (Argentina ). For this analysis, the information published in the environmental impact study conducted by the Grupo Isolux Corsán SA and Others - JV (2008) was used. The design data associated with the operation of the plant was extracted from said document. This power plant will use raw coal as fuel, thus introducing into the reactor a significant proportion of sterile (an inert material that is extracted with coal composed mainly of clay). Based on fuel and plant operation characteristics, it is expected as a residue of the combustion process a potentially reactive material that could be used as an artificial admixture for cement. Time and temperature needed to generate the specified chemical composition for the residue were the most important parameters in the experimental simulation. In order to achieve expected crystallographic structure of these ashes, the assessment of the cooling method was critical. The results of chemical composition and x-ray diffraction show that, in principle, laboratory simulation can produce ashes similar to those expected to be produced at the power plant. Additionally, from the evaluation of the simulated-ashes characteristics, it seems possible to use the real residue from the steam generator as a pozzolanic admixture for cement.

Las PyMEs en la era neo-desarrollista y (¿) las herramientas para el desarrollo (?) : contribución crítica desde la experiencia argentina reciente Seiler, Cristhian Rubén; Fernández, Víctor Ramiro Este trabajo tiene dos propósitos vinculados. El primero, consiste en evaluar el desempeño de las pequeñas y medianas empresas (PyMEs) del sector industrial en Argentina bajo el período denominado neo-desarrollismo (2002-2014). Se observa la actuación de las PyMEs en la creación de empleo, su participación en el crecimiento económico, las actividades más dinámicas, así como la inserción en el mercado externo. A partir de esta evaluación, el segundo propósito es aportar algunos elementos para considerar los riesgos de aceptar acríticamente las políticas de desarrollo que propician la inserción rápida de las PyMEs en las cadenas globales de valor (CGV). Se considera precautoriamente que la implementación de la política PyMEs bajo dicha estrategia puede abonar -antes que revertir- los efectos de desarticulación y fragmentación productiva que acentúan el derrotero estructural de las PyMEs. En buena medida, ello tiene su fundamento en que esta iniciativa se interesa más en la adaptación de las PyMEs a los requerimientos de las empresas transnacionales antes que a potenciar a estos actores bajo una estrategia nacional de desarrollo que permita avanzar integralmente sobre las debilidades estructurales analizadas. Por esta razón, en la parte final del trabajo se advierte la necesidad de vincular la atención en las CGV con una estrategia nacional de desarrollo, multi-escalarmente articulada por el Estado.; This paper has two linked purposes. The first one is to analyze the performance of small and medium enterprises (SMEs) of the Argentinean industrial sector under the so-called neodevelopmentalism period (2002-2014). For this, it observes SMEs’ role in job creation and economic growth, their participation in most dynamics activities and their integration into the international economy. Based on this evaluation, the second purpose is to provide some tools in order to consider the risk of accepting, in an acritical way, developing policies that promote SME’s rapid economic integration in Global Value Chains (GVC). It is preventively considered that SME policies implementation under those strategies, actually reinforce SME productive disarticulation and fragmentations that deepen their structural path instead of reversing it. To a great extent, these initiatives seem to have their basis on adapting SMEs to transnational companies’ requirements instead of empowering these actors under a national development strategy that allows them to get over the analyzed problems. For this reason, at the end of the paper, it is warned the need of combining the attention on GVC with a national development strategy and articulated multi-scalar by State.