A multilocus perspective on the phylogenetic relationships and diversification of rodents of the tribe Abrotrichini (Cricetidae: Sigmodontinae) Cañón Valenzuela, Carola Patricia; Mir, Daiana; Pardiñas, Ulises Francisco J.; Lessa, Enrique P.; D´Elía, Guillermo Abrotrichini is a recently defined and diagnosed tribe of Sigmodontinae with a complex taxonomy. Abrotrichine genera, Abrothrix (including Chroeomys), Chelemys, Geoxus, Notiomys and Pearsonomys, are mostly distributed in the central and southern Andes and adjacent lowlands and show terrestrial and fossorial habits. Recent studies have evidenced some incongruence between current taxonomy and abrotrichine phylogeny, such as the polyphyly of Chelemys and paraphyly of Geoxus respect to Pearsonomys. We used DNA sequence data of six loci (one mitochondrial and five nuclear) to resolve the relationships within the tribe. Independent and combined analyses of these loci were carried out using parsimony, maximum likelihood and Bayesian inference. Estimates of divergence time of the main lineages of abrotrichines were calculated with a molecular clock using as calibration, a fossil recently found. The concatenated data set increased the resolution and defined the relationships within the tribe. Our phylogenetic analyses corroborate that Abrothrix is sister of a clade containing the long-clawed abrotrichines. We recovered two main clades within Abrothrix that match morphologic variation and geographic distribution of its species. In addition, we corroborated the lack of monophyly of Chelemys and the lack of monophyly of Geoxus. We discuss different taxonomic scenarios to abrotrichine classification reflects the phylogenetic relationships obtained in this study. Our molecular clock estimated the Abrotrichini crown age to be around the early Pliocene (4.4 Ma) and suggest that the tribe diversified over a short period of time.

Microfungal composition in an Astellia-Donatia cushion peatland in Tierra del Fuego, Argentina Paredes, Noelia Ivana; Consolo, Verónica Fabiana; Pancotto, Veronica Andrea; Fritz, Christian; Barrera, Marcelo Daniel; Arambarri, Angélica Margarita; Salerno, Graciela Lidia Southern Hemisphere peatlands store substantial amounts of soil carbon. Despite their importance in the global carbon cycle, little is known about decomposition processes and the associated fungal diversity. The present study describes the composition of fungal assemblage in two depths from a cushion peatland of predominating Astelia (Asteliaceae) and Donatia (Donatiaceae) species in Moat, Tierra del Fuego. From 48 samples processed, we obtained 338 isolates. Using different culturing methodologies, through direct and microscopic observation and using molecular methods we identified 38 fungal species and 18 genera of Ascomycetes and Zygomycetes. Isolates belonging to Ascomycetes were the most abundant, with dominance of Penicillium and Trichoderma. We described fungal composition and compared species diversity and evenness across two dephts. No differences in the diversity index and evenness were found between depths. The studied peat is an ecosystem that has a great diversity of filamentous fungal species, some of which are described in other peatlands worldwide.

Interannual variations in primary and secondary growth of Nothofagus pumilio and their relationships with climate Magnin, Noel Amaru; Puntieri, Javier Guido; Villalba, Ricardo The relationships between apical (or primary) and radial (or secondary) growth, and climatic influences on both types of growth, were evaluated for Nothofagus pumilio (Nothofagaceae), the dominant subalpine tree in Patagonia. We measured the spacing and number of nodes of annual shoots developed in the period 2001-2010 in 40 N. pumilio trees growing near the upper treeline in the northern Patagonian Andes (41ºS). Variations in ring width at the base of each trunk were also recorded. Interannual variations in primary and secondary growth were significantly related to each other, and to several climate variables. Mean temperatures in winter and early spring (June to October) prior to the period of shoot extension were positively associated with both primary and secondary growth. In addition, total summer precipitation (December to March) was positively related to shoot extension, whereas mean summer temperature during the previous growth season (January to March) was directly related to radial growth. These climatic influences on N. pumilio growth may play a major role in regulating the expressions of preformation and neoformation.

Plant functional traits and phylogenetic relatedness explain variation in associations with root fungal endophytes in an extreme arid environment Lugo, Mónica Alejandra; Reinhart, Kurt O.; Menoyo, Eugenia; Crespo, Esteban María; Urcelay, Roberto Carlos Since root endophytes may ameliorate drought stress, understanding which plants associate with endophytes is important, especially in arid ecosystems. Here, the root endophytes were characterized of 42 plants from an arid region of Argentina. Colonization by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and dark septate endophytes (DSEs) was related to plant functional type (PFT), family, and phylogenetic relatedness. Overall, three main findings were observed. Firstly, only moderate levels of endophyte associations were found across all taxa (e.g., most Poaceae were not colonized by endophytes despite numerous accounts of colonization by AMF and DSEs). We determined 69 % of plant taxa associated with some form of root endophyte but levels were lower than other regional studies. Secondly, comparisons by PFT and phylogeny were often qualitatively similar (e.g., succulents and Portulacineae consistently lacked AMF; variation occurred among terrestrial vs. epiphytic bromeliads) and often differed from comparisons based on plant family. Thirdly, comparisons by plant family often failed to account for important variation either within families (e.g., Bromeliaceae and Poaceae) or trait conservatism among related families (i.e., Rosidae consistently lacked DSEs and Portulacineae lacked AMF). This study indicates the value of comparing numerous taxa based on PFTs and phylogenetic similarity. Overall, the results suggest an uncertain benefit of endophytes in extremely arid environments where plant traits like succulence may obviate the need to establish associations.

The Future of Philosophy of History from its Narrativist Past: Figuration, Middle Voice Writing and Performativity la Greca, María Inés Hayden White inaugurated narrativism in philosophy of history when he effected a productive displacement of earlier epistemological discussions around the relationship between narration and historical knowledge: White identified the problem of narrative in history with the problem of the use of figurative language in the representation of the past. Thus, he enabled a new way of thinking philosophy of history’s object of study by paying attention to an aspect of historical practice he considered wrongly overlooked: the writing of history. His formal theory of the historical work needs no introduction. Instead, this paper aims at reclaiming the fundamental philosophical legacy White has left us in his latest work on middle voice writing.  First, I will frame White’s thought as a response to what I call the paradoxical nature of historical narrative, as Louis Mink and Roland Barthes understand it. By presenting our narrativist past as White’s ironical and liberating stance on historical narrative, I will show how he identified figuration as the paradoxical resource and constrain of historical writing. Secondly, I will elaborate on his latest inquiries into middle voice writing as pointing the way into the future of philosophy of history. Thus, I will claim that the notion of middle voice writing that White adopted from Roland Barthes should be read from the point of view of performativity theory in order to reassess the philosophical nature of historical writing now considered as the performative self-constitution of the historical subject.

El pasajero oscuro. Elucubraciones sobre Dexter; The dark passenger. Musings about Dexter Murolo, Norberto Leonardo El trabajo propone tópicos de reflexión sobre la serie televisiva Dexter, emitida por el canal Showtime. Como narración proveniente de la industria cultural estadounidense su éxito llevó a que se difundiera en todo el mundo y que sus fans se multiplicaran. La serie tematiza la historia de un asesino serial diferente a los del cine hollywoodense. Dexter no quiere ser quien es y lucha contra una parte de él mismo que tiene como impulso matar; como él lo llama: su pasajero oscuro. En medio de esa historia se entrecruzan múltiples temas que tocan a la condición humana. El mal y el bien, la justicia y la injusticia, los héroes y los antihéroes son cuestiones constantes en la serie. Asimismo, las relaciones familiares, sobre todo entre el personaje protagónico y su hermana, son centrales a la hora de decodificar este discurso que, gracias a las tecnologías digitales, cuenta con adeptos de todo el mundo.; This paper proposes topics of reflection on the Showtime television series, Dexter. As a narrative from the American cultural industry, success led it to spread throughout the world, multiplying its fans. The series is about a serial murderer with a different story than the Hollywood ones. Dexter doesn’t want to be who he is and fights against a part of him that has killing as an impulse –his “dark passenger”, as he calls it-. As the story unfolds, multiple threads related to the human condition intersect. The good and evil, justice and injustice, heroes and antiheroes are regular issues in the series. Also, family relationships, especially between the main character and her sister, are essential while decoding this speech that, thanks to digital technologies, has followers all over the world.

¿Cómo pensar el afecto en la política? Aproximaciones y debates en torno a la teoría de la hegemonía de Ernesto Laclau Blanco, Ana Belén; Sánchez, María Soledad Este artículo se propone aprehender la forma en la que la dimensión del afecto es problematizada en la teoría de la hegemonía de Laclau, a partir de una reconstrucción de sus principales conceptos teóricos así como de los debates intelectuales que se han suscitado al respecto. Presentaremos un recorrido transversal por las producciones del autor a fin de reconstruir sucintamente los elementos fundamentales que componen su teoría. Posteriormente, profundizaremos sobre la incorporación de la dimensión afectiva como un componente primario de todo proceso de construcción hegemónica, explicitando la imposibilidad de reducir esta última a operaciones estrictamente lingüísticas. Abordar el vínculo entre hegemonía y economía afectiva permite revalorizar el aporte teórico de Laclau al identificar las herramientas heurísticas que este brinda para el análisis sociopolítico.

Diseño Instructivo e Inteligencias Múltiples. Percepciones de los alumnos Rigo, Daiana Yamila; Donolo, Danilo Silvio La investigación que se presenta tiene como objetivo diseñar e implementar un diseño instructivo orientado en la teoría de las inteligencias múltiples (IM-TIM) o modelo de entry points de Gardner y evaluar la propuesta a partir de la percepción de los estudiantes sobre los puntos fuertes y débiles del modelo. El estudio es conducido en educación primaria con alumnos de 6to grado en el área de Ciencias Sociales. En total, se trabajó con 14 alumnos y la docente de grado. Para la recolección de datos se utilizaron entrevistas semi-estructuradas. Los resultados indican que la propuesta educativa fundamentada en las IM contribuye a: un mayor interés sobre las tareas académicas, la promoción del aprendizaje, al acceso al conocimiento y su transferencia, la colaboración en la construcción del conocimiento y una mayor consideración de la importancia de contextualizar las tareas para aprender en profundidad.

Local maximal functions and operators associated to Laguerre expansions Viola, Pablo Sebastian; Viviani, Beatriz Eleonora In this paper we get sharp conditions on a weight v which allow us to obtain some weighted inequalities for a local Hardy-Littlewood Maximal operator defined on an open set in the Euclidean n-space. This result is applied to assure a pointwise convergence of the Laguerre heat-diffusion semigroup u(x,t) = (T(t)f)(x) to f when t tends to zero for all functions f in L p(v(x)dx) for p greater than or equal to 1 and a weight v. In proving this we obtain weighted inequalities for the maximal operator associated to the Laguerre diffusion semigroup of the Laguerre differential operator of order greater than or equal to 0. Finally, as a by-product, we obtain weighted inequalities for the Riesz-Laguerre operators.

Parental expectations and prosocial behavior of adolescents from low-income backgrounds. A cross-cultural comparison between three countries: Argentina, Colombia and Spain Mesurado, Maria Belen; Richaud, Maria Cristina; Mestre, María Vicenta; Samper García, Paula; Tur Porcada, Ana; Morales Mesa, Santiago Alberto; Viveros, Francisco Edison Parental expectations are influenced by cultural models, which in turn are subject to a great influence from historically fluctuating features of the socioeconomic background. Parental expectations seem to be linked to children’s social and emotional development in terms of empathy and prosocial behavior. The current study aims to (a) compare low-income adolescents’ perceptions of parental expectations of prosocial and antisocial behavior across three Latin countries (Argentina, Colombia, and Spain), (b) compare the empathy and prosocial behavior between the three countries, (c) compare the prosocial behavior between the three countries, and (d) study the effect of perceived parental expectations and empathy on the prosocial behavior of adolescents in all three of the countries studied in this research. The sample was made up of 446 Argentinean adolescents, 474 Colombian adolescents, and 632 Spanish adolescents. The Expected Parental Reactions Scale, Interpersonal Reactivity Index, and Prosocial Behavior Questionnaire were used to measure the variables included in this study. Results reveal considerable differences between children’s perceptions of parental expectations in different countries. Results also show the existence of significant differences between male and female adolescents. In all three countries, girls score more highly than boys in prosocial behavior and empathy. Furthermore, we find that low-income Argentinean adolescents score more highly than Spanish and Colombian adolescents in prosocial behavior measures. Finally, expected parental reactions toward prosocial behavior and empathy seem to have an influence on the adolescents’ development of prosocial behavior in all three countries.

RDG System in Remote Areas with Utility or Local Feed Topology and Operation Strategy Toccaceli, Graciela Mabel; Peña, Ricardo Ramiro; Cendoya, Marcelo Gustavo; Battaiotto, Pedro Eduardo In remote regions with availability of wind energy, a RDG (renewable distributed generation) system is an advantageous alternative to increase the provision of electrical supply. Usually, these systems are structured on the basis of a connection to an existing weak grid. When the grid is out of service, the system may operate in islanding mode, if the RDG configuration allows it, continuing the provision of energy with standard voltage and frequency values. Facing the latter situation, a wind-diesel/gas generation system is proposed, with a conversion and control strategies based on a variable speed wind turbine employing a DFIG (doubly fed induction generator), a SC (ultracapacitor) storage system and a SG (synchronous generator) driven by a diesel/gas engine.

La lógica originaria y el lenguaje de las señas Walton, Roberto Juan En su curso sobre Heráclito de 1944, Heidegger caracteriza nuestra relación con el ser de este modo: ?Pero esta relación pensante y que se ha de pensar es el pensar mismo, que, en una lógica originaria, viene a estar en la propia claridad, que, sin embargo, no es su claridad que ha hecho por sí misma? (GA 55, p. 372). Puesto que consiste en el simple dejar esenciarse o desplegarse el ser desde su propia verdad, esta lógica carece de un contenido doctrinario. Un modo de caracterizarla es por medio de los peligros que acechan al pensar: El peligro bueno (gute) y por eso saludable es la vecindad del poeta que canta. El peligro nocivo (böse) y por eso más agudo es el pensar mismo. Él debe pensar contra sí mismo, lo que solo es capaz de hacer raramente. El peligro malo (schlechte) y por eso confuso es el filosofar (GA 13, p. 80). En el primer apartado del trabajo se considera cómo el pensar mismo pierde su carácter originario mediante la sustitución de la lógica originaria y el lenguaje de las señas por la lógica del enunciado y el lenguaje de los signos. En el siguiente apartado se examina, mediante una consideración de las señas del Ser, el peligro representado por el filosofar. El tercer apartado se ocupa del restante peligro que surge de querer extraer un pensar del poetizar. Finalmente, se analiza la relación de la lógica originaria con la hermenéutica y la fenomenología. Por un lado, Heidegger trata de pensar más originariamente el esenciar de la fenomenología a fin de retroensamblarla de esta manera a propósito en su pertenencia a la filosofía occidental (GA 12, p. 91). Por el otro, al caracterizar la relación con el ser como ?la relación hermenéutica, recurre al sentido originario de hermeneúein, que no concierne a la (268) metodología de la interpretación, ?porque lo hermenéutico no significa en primer lugar el interpretar sino ante todo el traer mensaje y noticia? (GA 12, p. 115).

Tendencias y evidencias sobre el avance del proceso de concentración económica en la región pampeana tras 2002 Fernández, Diego Ariel La fuente de información que históricamente se ha empleado para mesurar el desarrollo del proceso de concentración económica en el sector rural argentino (y, dentro de éste, en la región pampeana) es el compendio de los Censos Nacionales Agropecuarios -y relevamientos afines. En el presente, la información se encuentra truncada, habida cuenta de la deficiente implementación del Censo de 2008, con lo que disminuye la posibilidad de hacer una evaluación sobre lo ocurrido en este plano en la primera década del siglo XXI. Este trabajo se propone no reconstruir la imagen perdida, sino un intento de estimación de la tendencia que siguió. Para ello, se realizan dos tareas: en primer lugar, se analizan los factores que potenciaron la concentración económica en la década del ?90 (políticos y productivos), estudiando su evolución tras el derrumbe del marco macroeconómico que la caracterizó. En segundo lugar, se reúne la información que se encuentra dispersa, y que fuera producida en estos años por diversos centros de estudios agrarios mediante encuestas a productores pampeanos. Desarrollando ambos procederes se llega a una inevitable conclusión: la imagen que el CNA 2008 hubiese mostrado sería una de una concentración de la producción, el capital y el uso del suelo mayor que en 2002.

Interpelaciones discursivas y estrategias enunciativas de Menem y Angeloz durante la campaña presidencial para las elecciones de 1989 en la Argentina Fair, Hernán El trabajo analiza las interpelaciones discursivas y las estrategias enunciativas de Carlos Menem y Eduardo Angeloz durante la campaña electoral para las presidenciales de 1989, en la Argentina. El marco teórico-metodológico toma como referencia el análisis político del discurso de Ernesto Laclau, incorporando sus categorías de "cadenas de equivalencias" y "frontera política". A su vez, se incluyen una serie de herramientas provenientes de la semiótica social de Eliseo Verón y se examinan las principales modalidades y estrategias de enunciación de los discursos y el uso de los colectivos de identificación.

La construcción de la hegemonía menemista: Interpelaciones discursivas y estrategias enunciativas de Carlos Menem frente a los sectores de tradición peronista; The construction of the menemist hegemony: Discursive interpellations and enunciative strategies of Carlos Menem facing the sectors of Peronist tradition Fair, Hernán El trabajo investiga algunascaracterísticas que asume la construcción de la hegemonía neoliberal en laArgentina, enfocándose en el análisis del discurso político de Carlos Menemdurante su primer período de gobierno. Partiendo desde una perspectiva desemiótica social, coloca el eje en la fase de producción de la hegemonía, analizandolas estrategias enunciativas y los dispositivos de enunciación que edifica el discursomenemista para legitimarse políticamente en relación a los sectores detradición peronista.; The paper examines some characteristics that assumed the construction of the menemist hegemony in Argentina, focusing on political discourse analysis of Carlos Menem during his first term. On a basis of social semiotic perspective, place the shaft in the production phase of hegemony, analyzing the enunciative strategies and devices that build the menemist discourse to legitimize politically in relation to the sectors from peronist tradition.

Principal component and hierarchical cluster analysis to select hurdle technologies for minimal processed radishes Goyeneche, Rosario; Roura, Sara Ines; Di Scala, Karina Cecilia The application of principal component and hierarchical cluster analysis as a mathematical tool to select hurdle technologies (physical and chemical) to inhibit polyphenol oxidase (PPO) activity and color stability of minimally sliced radishes was presented. Results of PPO activity and color were reported initially (day zero) and after 4 d of refrigerated storage. Based on the mentioned tools and from the thirteen mono-hurdles technologies that were initially selected, eight hurdles were chosen as the best and combined in pairs. From those hurdles, the following double-hurdles were selected as those capable of retaining the product color: Ascorbic Acid (AA) + Acetic Acid (ACA-05), AA + NaCl-1, ACA-05+NaCl-1, AA + Heat Treatment (TT-501), ACA-05 + Ultrasound (US), Citric Acid (CA) + AA, CA + ACA-05, NaCl-1+US. When comparing the best mono-hurdles (AA, TT-501, NaCl-1) to the best double hurdles, the following hurdles: AA, TT-501, CA + ACA-05, NaCl-1+US, CA + AA and NaCl-1 were chosen as those capable of maintaining the typical color of radish slices with acceptable sensory parameters and enzyme inhibition after 4 d of storage.

Fanon: el cuerpo, la clínica y la colonia Cedriani, Juan Pablo A través de sus biógrafos constatamos que en varias oportunidades Fanon tuvo a cargo importantes secciones de clínicas psiquiátricas. Sin embargo, en la bibliografía publicada y difundida sobre el autor, esto no suele trascender el carácter de dato biográfico, que desemboca en la mención de la carta al ministro residente; pese a que, para Fanon, fue fundamental su función en el tratamiento psiquiátrico de pacientes que padecían colateralmente el régimen colonial: para él, psiquiatría y política no podían escindirse, eran ámbitos que se entrecruzaban constantemente; prueba de ello era la constante tensión que representaba para él sus incursiones en ambas, los dos campos reclamaban su atención y preocupación por las consecuencias del régimen colonial en la psiquis/cuerpo de los pacientes no era un problema que pudiera abordarse descuidando alguno de los dos planos. El hospital para Fanon no fue únicamente un lugar donde esconder armas o tratar clandestinamente a miembros del FLN, a lo largo de su vida fue transferido varias veces de clínica, generalmente por emprender grandes procesos de reforma distantes de las concepciones clínicas imperantes en la época (no sin altibajos, en un principio por su inexperiencia, más adelante por las trabas burocráticas conservadoras con que se encontrará). ¿Por qué resulta de tal importancia este aspecto de su vida profesional? ¿Dónde aparece el cuerpo?

Pinning-Dependent Field-Driven Domain Wall Dynamics and Thermal Scaling in an Ultrathin Pt / Co / Pt Magnetic Film Gorchon, J.; Bustingorry, Sebastián; Ferré, J.; Jeudy, V.; Kolton, Alejandro Benedykt; Giamarchi, T. Magnetic-field-driven domain wall motion in an ultrathin Pt / Co ( 0.45    nm ) / Pt ferromagnetic film with perpendicular anisotropy is studied over a wide temperature range. Three different pinning dependent dynamical regimes are clearly identified: the creep, the thermally assisted flux flow, and the depinning, as well as their corresponding crossovers. The wall elastic energy and microscopic parameters characterizing the pinning are determined. Both the extracted thermal rounding exponent at the depinning transition, ψ = 0.15 , and the Larkin length crossover exponent, ϕ = 0.24 , fit well with the numerical predictions.

Effects of Parity and Serum Prolactin Levels on the Incidence and Regression of DMBA-Induced Tumors in OFA hr/hr Rats Sasso, Corina Verónica; Santiano, Flavia Eliana; López Fontana, Constanza Matilde; Pistone Creydt, Virginia; Ezquer, Eduardo Marcelo; Hapon, María Belén; Jahn, Graciela Alma; Caron, Ruben Walter Prolactin (PRL) is a key player in the development of mammary cancer. We studied the effects of parity or hyperprolactinemia on mammary carcinogenesis in OFA hr/hr treated with 7,12-dimethylbenzanthracene. They were divided into three groups: nulliparous (Null), primiparous (PL, after pregnancy and lactation), and hyperprolactinemic rats (I, implanted in the arcuate nucleus with 17β-estradiol). The tumor incidence was similar in the three groups. However, a higher percentage of regressing tumors was evident in the PL group. Serum PRL, mammary development, and mammary β-casein content were higher in I rats compared to Null. The expression of hormone receptors was similar in the different groups. However, mammary tissue from PL rats bearing tumors had increased expression of PRL and estrogen alpha receptors compared to rats free of tumors. Our results suggest that serum PRL levels do not have relevance on the incidence of tumors, probably because the low levels of PRL in OFA rats are not further decreased by PL like in other strains. However, supraphysiological levels of PRL affect carcinogenesis. PL induces regression of the tumors due to the differentiation produced on the mammary cells. Alterations in the expression of hormonal receptors may be involved in progression and regression of tumors.

Single particle sources and quantum heat fluctuations Battista, Francesca The miniaturisation of electronic devices has been a well-known trend in engineering over almost 50 years. The technological advancement in the field can now provide an astonishing control of charge transport in mesoscopic structures. Single particle pumping, namely the control in time and space of the flow of an arbitrarily small number of electrons or holes, has been realised in various kind of structure with, in some cases, very high accuracies. The first half of the manuscript provides a brief overview of different experimental realisations of single particle sources. Though these devices allow to minimise charge fluctuations in the charge current, because of Heisenberg’s uncertainty principle, the emitted particles are characterised by energy fluctuations. The consequences of it are of great relevance and presented in the second part of the paper.