Bernardo Houssay, retrato Bernardo Houssay de pie, lleva guardapolvos y las manos en los bolsillos. Plano medio largo. año 194?. Una copia de esta fotografía se usó como portada de Acta Physiológica Latinoamericana en el año 1971.

Houssay de vacaciones en familia en Mar del Plata No especifica Houssay con su familia de vacaciones en Mar del Plata. Gentileza del Banco de Imágenes de la Biblioteca Central de la Facultad de Medicina de la Universidad de Buenos Aires. Base de datos: CPA, id. 007

Houssay con su familia de vacaciones No especifica Bernardo Houssay con su mujer, María Angélica Catán y sus tres hijos en la playa. Fotografía gentiteleza de la Casa Museo Houssay-FECIC.

Bernardo Houssay a los 13 años Houssay a los 13 años. Plano medio corto. A esa edad Bernardo finalizó el bachillerato. Fotografía gentileza de la Dra. Patricia Saragüeta. Original conservado en la la Casa Museo Houssay-FECIC.

Mixed methods for degenerate elliptic problems and application to fractional Laplacian Cejas, María Eugenia; Duran, Ricardo Guillermo; Prieto, Mariana Ines We analyze the approximation by mixed finite element methods of solutions of equations of the form −div (a∇u) = g, where the coefficient a = a(x) can degenerate going to zero or infinity. First, we extend the classic error analysis to this case provided that the coefficient a belongs to the Muckenhoupt class A2. The analysis developed applies to general mixed finite element spaces satisfying the standard commutative diagram property, whenever some stability and interpolation error estimates are valid in weighted norms. Next, we consider in detail the case of Raviart–Thomas spaces of arbitrary order, obtaining optimal order error estimates for simplicial elements in any dimension and for convex quadrilateral elements in the two dimensional case, in both cases under a regularity assumption on the family of meshes. For the lowest order case we show that the regularity assumption can be removed and prove anisotropic error estimates which are of interest in problems with boundary layers. Finally we apply the results to a problem arising in the solution of the fractional Laplace equation.

Computational model for membrane transporters: Potential implications for cancer Carusela, María Florencia; Rubi, J. Miguel To explain the increased transport of nutrients and metabolites and to control the movement of drug molecules through the transporters to the cancer cells, it is important to understand the exact mechanism of their structure and activity, as well as their biological and physical characteristics. We propose a computational model that reproduces the functionality of membrane transporters by quantifying the flow of substrates through the cell membrane. The model identifies the force induced by conformational changes of the transporter due to hydrolysis of ATP, in ABC transporters, or by an electrochemical gradient of ions, in secondary transporters. The transport rate is computed by averaging the velocity generated by the force along the paths followed by the substrates. The results obtained are in accordance with the experiments. The model provides an overall framework for analyzing the membrane transport proteins that regulate the flows of ions, nutrients and other molecules across the cell membranes, and their activities.

Evaluation of viral concentration methods for SARS-CoV-2 recovery from wastewaters Barril, Patricia Angelica; Pianciola, Luis Alfredo; Mazzeo, Melina; Ousset, Maria Julia; Jaureguiberry, María Virginia; Alessandrello, Mauricio; Sanchez, Gloria; Oteiza, Juan Martín Wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE) is a useful tool that has the potential to act as a complementary approach to monitor the presence of SARS-CoV-2 in the community and as an early alarm system for COVID-19 outbreak. Many studies reported low concentrations of SARS-CoV-2 in sewage and also revealed the need for methodological validation for enveloped viruses concentration in wastewater. The aim of this study was to evaluate different methodologies for the concentration of viruses in wastewaters and to select and improve an option that maximizes the recovery of SARS-CoV-2. A total of 11 concentration techniques based on different principles were evaluated: adsorption-elution protocols with negatively charged membranes followed by polyethylene glycol (PEG) precipitation (Methods 1-2), PEG precipitation (Methods 3-7), aluminum polychloride (PAC) flocculation (Method 8), ultrafiltration (Method 9), skim milk flocculation (Method 10) and adsorption-elution with negatively charged membrane followed by ultrafiltration (Method 11). To evaluate the performance of these concentration techniques, feline calicivirus (FCV) was used as a process control in order to avoid the risk associated with handling SARS-CoV-2. Two protocols, one based on PEG precipitation and the other on PAC flocculation, showed high efficiency for FCV recovery from wastewater (62.2 % and 45.0 %, respectively). These two methods were then tested for the specific recovery of SARS-CoV-2. Both techniques could recover SARS-CoV-2 from wastewater, PAC flocculation showed a lower limit of detection (4.3 × 102 GC/mL) than PEG precipitation (4.3 × 103 GC/mL). This work provides a critical overview of current methods used for virus concentration in wastewaters and the analysis of sensitivity for the specific recovery of SARS-CoV-2 in sewage. The data obtained here highlights the viability of WBE for the surveillance of COVID-19 infections in the community.

Discurso pronunciado por el Dr. Lewis W. Hackett agradeciendo cena de despedida: Septiembre 12 de 1949 Hackett, Lewis W. Colegas y amigos. Estoy algo cohibido por esta demostración de aprecio y estima. Tengo una pequeña dificultad en identificarme con la persona motivo de este homenaje, y me hago la ilusión de ser un espectador. Esto es en parte, supongo, debido a que mi subconciencia desea eludir esta despedida final de los amigos y de las actividades que han llenado mi vida durante un servicio activo de 35 años. Pero la razón principal sin duda por qué me siento un podo extraño y un poco incómodo en esta reunión es debido a que cuando personas como yo alcanzan la edad de retrospección, sabernos muy bién que nosotros dejamos de conocer tanto como lo que pretendemos, y que no hemos cumplido la mitad de lo que se nos atribuye [...].

Acción de la tiroides sobre el metabolismo de los hidratos de carbono y en la diabetes [monografía] Houssay, Bernardo A. Esta pequeña monografía tiene por fin exponer los principales hechos y conclusiones que se conocen sobre el papel fisiológico que ejerce la tiroides sobre el metabolismo de los hidratos de carbono tanto en el estado normal como en el patológico, así como su acción farmacológica sobre dicho metabolismo. Se ha investigado la acción fisiológica y farmacológica de la tiroides sobre la glucemia, la absorción intestinal de los azúcares y las curvas de tolerancia, y sobre la formación y conservación del glucógeno en diversos órganos. También se ha estudiado la influencia del hipertiroidismo y del hipotiroidismo en la producción y en la prevención de la diabetes. Se han realizado además algunas investigaciones sobre los cambios que experimentan los islotes del páncreas y la secreción de insulina, tanto en el hiper como en el hipotiroidismo, abriéndose así un campo interesante de investigaciones que deberán ser proseguidas y completadas. Más recientemente se ha planteado el estudio de la influencia de la tiroides sobre la función homeostática del hígado, considerada como el eje de la regulación de la glucemia y del metabolismo de los hidratos de carbono.

An Analytic Cognitive Style Negatively Predicts a More Literal but Not a More Symbolic Religiosity Type Freidin, Esteban; Acera Martini, Luz The idea that a more analytic cognitive style is associated with lower religiosity is a theoretical prediction that has been challenged by some empirical findings. We conducted three studies with Argentine participants (N = 719) to clarify this issue. In Study 1, we replicated the negative correlation between analytic cognitive style, measured with the Cognitive Reflection Test, and Belief in Supernatural Agents, Intrinsic, and Intuitive Religiosity. In Studies 2 and 3, participants responded to the Post-Critical Beliefs Scale which measures both the presence of a transcendent dimension in beliefs and the extent to which literal-vs.-symbolic beliefs are endorsed, and we also tested for individual differences in Need for Cognitive Closure. Results showed that a more analytic cognitive style negatively predicted both inclusion of transcendence and a literal interpretation of religious ideas. Moreoever, an analytic cognitive style was negatively associated with a literal but not with a symbolic inclusion of transcendence in beliefs. In turn, higher scores of closed-mindedness were positively associated with a more literal interpretation of religion. We conclude that present data support the hypothesis that religiosity may be negatively associated with an analytic cognitive style, but individuals who experience religion more symbolically do not accommodate to that pattern.

ChemVA: Interactive visual analysis of chemical compound similarity in virtual screening Sabando, María Virginia; Ulbrich, Pavol; Selzer, Matias Nicolas; Byska, Jan; Mican, Jan; Ponzoni, Ignacio; Soto, Axel Juan; Ganuza, María Luján; Kozlikova, Barbora In the modern drug discovery process, medicinal chemists deal with the complexity of analysis of large ensembles of candidate molecules. Computational tools, such as dimensionality reduction (DR) and classification, are commonly used to efficiently process the multidimensional space of features. These underlying calculations often hinder interpretability of results and prevent experts from assessing the impact of individual molecular features on the resulting representations. To provide a solution for scrutinizing such complex data, we introduce ChemVA, an interactive application for the visual exploration of large molecular ensembles and their features. Our tool consists of multiple coordinated views: Hexagonal view, Detail view, 3D view, Table view, and a newly proposed Difference view designed for the comparison of DR projections. These views display DR projections combined with biological activity, selected molecular features, and confidence scores for each of these projections. This conjunction of views allows the user to drill down through the dataset and to efficiently select candidate compounds. Our approach was evaluated on two case studies of finding structurally similar ligands with similar binding affinity to a target protein, as well as on an external qualitative evaluation. The results suggest that our system allows effective visual inspection and comparison of different high-dimensional molecular representations. Furthermore, ChemVA assists in the identification of candidate compounds while providing information on the certainty behind different molecular representations.

Houssay como mentor: entrevista al Dr. Jorge Blaquier en el marco del proyecto Houssay y Leloir Blaquier, Jorge El Dr. Jorge Blaquier comparte su experiencia como discípulo de Houssay en el IBYME, también se refiere a la importancia de los procesos formativos y brinda información contextual. Contenido: Cómo conoció a Houssay (al 01 seg.) - Houssay como mentor, anécdotas ( a los 2 min., 14 seg.) - Tradiciones del IBYME: café y seminarios ( a los 06 min.,16 seg.) - Características de un buen mentor (a los 08 min., 58 seg.) - Palabras a los jóvenes científicos (a los 11 min. , 07 seg.) - El legado de Houssay (a los 12 min., 27 seg.) - Sobre la Escuela Houssay ( a los13 min., 04 seg.).

Auto-deconvolution and molecular networking of gas chromatography–mass spectrometry data Aksenov, Alexander A.; Laponogov, Ivan; Zhang, Zheng; Doran, Sophie L. F.; Belluomo, Ilaria; Veselkov, Dennis; Bittremieux, Wout; Nothias, Louis Felix; Nothias Esposito, Mélissa; Maloney, Katherine N.; Misra, Biswapriya B.; Melnik, Alexey V.; Smirnov, Aleksandr; Du, Xiuxia; Jones, Kenneth L.; Dorrestein, Kathleen; Panitchpakdi, Morgan; Ernst, Madeleine; van der Hooft, Justin J. J.; Gonzalez, Mabel; Carazzone, Chiara; Amézquita, Adolfo; Callewaert, Chris; Morton, James T.; Quinn, Robert A.; Bouslimani, Amina; Albarracín Orio, Andrea Georgina; Petras, Daniel; Smania, Andrea; Couvillion, Sneha P.; Burnet, Meagan C.; Nicora, Carrie D.; Zink, Erika; Metz, Thomas O.; Artaev, Viatcheslav; Humston Fulmer, Elizabeth; Gregor, Rachel; Meijler, Michael M.; Mizrahi, Itzhak; Eyal, Stav; Anderson, Brooke; Dutton, Rachel; Lugan, Raphaël; Boulch, Pauline Le; Guitton, Yann; Prevost, Stephanie; Poirier, Audrey; Dervilly, Gaud; Le Bizec, Bruno; Fait, Aaron; Persi, Noga Sikron; Song, Chao; Gashu, Kelem; Coras, Roxana; Guma, Monica; Manasson, Julia; Scher, Jose U.; Barupal, Dinesh Kumar; Alseekh, Saleh; Fernie, Alisdair R.; Mirnezami, Reza; Vasiliou, Vasilis; Schmid, Robin; Borisov, Roman S.; Kulikova, Larisa N.; Knight, Rob; Wang, Mingxun; Hanna, George B.; Dorrestein, Pieter; Veselkov, Kirill We engineered a machine learning approach, MSHub, to enable auto-deconvolution of gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) data. We then designed workflows to enable the community to store, process, share, annotate, compare and perform molecular networking of GC–MS data within the Global Natural Product Social (GNPS) Molecular Networking analysis platform. MSHub/GNPS performs auto-deconvolution of compound fragmentation patterns via unsupervised non-negative matrix factorization and quantifies the reproducibility of fragmentation patterns across samples.

Argentina Premios Nobel: Bernardo Houssay Breve reseña sobre la vida de Houssay y su hallazgo científico por el cual fue premiado con el Nobel en 1947.

Dia del Investigador Científico Dr. Bernardo A. Houssay Un recorrido por la vida de Houssay con motivo de conmemorarse el Dia del Investigador Científico, en homenaje a su natialicio (10/04/1887)..

Recorriendo los 70 años del IBYME Video con motivo del 70° aniversario del Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental, primer instituto de investigación en ciencia básica privado de la Argentina. Fue fundado en 1944 por el Dr. Bernardo Alberto Houssay.

Orden, claridad, precisión y rigurosidad en el discurso de Houssay Discurso de Houssay sobre la investigación científica: su necesidad y la condición necesaria de libertad para que florezca.

Contact fatigue behavior of α-Al2O3-Ti(C,N) CVD coated WC-Co under dry and wet conditions Sosa, Amadeo Daniel; Collado Ciprés, V.; García, J.L.; Dalibón, E.L.; Escalada, Lisandro; Roa, J.J.; Soldera, F.; Brühl, Sonia Patricia; Llanes, L.; Simison, Silvia Noemi The response to cycling contact fatigue load of a WC-6%Co carbide coated with a Ti(C,N)/α-Al2O3 CVD multilayer was investigated in dry and wet conditions. Imprints in dry conditions were characterized by small thin cracks forming a circumference at the maximum radii of the imprint. The damaged coating was totally present in the final imprint of the dry test. Wet indentations showcase an area in the imprint where the α-Al2O3 layer has been removed throughout a ring but was kept at the center of the indentation, suggesting that the coating damage under cycling contact load in wet conditions is dominated by α-Al2O3 degradation, associated with a fretting effect or tangential loads accelerating the fatigue-corrosion of the alumina layer.

Applying a Taguchi-based fuzzy logic approach to optimize hydrothermal pretreatment of canola seeds using multi-response performance index; Application d’une approche de logique floue de type Taguchi pour optimiser le prétraitement hydrothermique des graines de canola en utilisant l’indice de performance multiréponse Sánchez, Ramiro Julián; Blas, María Julia; Fernández, María Belén; Nolasco, Susana Maria The Taguchi method with fuzzy logic was applied for optimizing the hydrothermal pretreatment of canola with multiple performance responses (oil extraction yield, free acidity and peroxide index) using published data. The canola seeds had been subjected to hydrothermal pretreatments using steam in an autoclave whose base was perforated, under different conditions of temperature (100, 120 and 130 °C), time (5, 15 and 30 min) and granulometry (entire, broken and ground seeds), and the responses were measured as performance characteristics of the process. The output value that represents the responses was called multi-response performance index (MRPI), and the significance of the experimental factors was analyzed by ANOVA. A confirmation test of the optimum parameters was carried out to verify the optimum parameters, obtaining a predicted MRPI of 0.588, while the experimental value was of 0.849, and the MRPI calculated using the predicted values from the literature was of 0.577.; La méthode de Taguchi à logique floue a été appliquée pour optimiser le prétraitement hydrothermique du canola prenant en compte de multiples réponses de performance (rendement d’extraction de l’huile, acidité libre et indice de peroxyde) en utilisant des données publiées. Les graines de canola ont été soumises à des prétraitements hydrothermiques à la vapeur dans un autoclave dont la base était perforée, sous différentes conditions de température (100, 120 et 130 °C), de durée (5, 15 et 30 min) et de granulométrie (graines entières, brisées et broyées), et les réponses ont été mesurées en tant que caractéristiques de performance du procédé. La valeur de sortie qui représente les réponses a été appelée indice de performance multi-réponse (MRPI), et l’importance des facteurs expérimentaux a été analysée par ANOVA (analyse de variance). Un test de confirmation des paramètres optimaux a été effectué pour vérifier les paramètres optimaux, obtenant un MRPI prédit de 0,588, alors que la valeur expérimentale était de 0,849 ; le MRPI calculé en utilisant les valeurs prédites de la littérature était de 0,577.

Anthropogenic Perturbations to the Atmospheric Molybdenum Cycle Wong, Michelle Y.; Rathod, Sagar D.; Marino, Roxanne; Li, Longlei; Howarth, Robert W.; Alastuey, Andres; Alaimo, Maria Grazia; Barraza, Francisco; Carneiro, Manuel Castro; Chellam, Shankararaman; Chen, Yu Cheng; Cohen, David D.; Connelly, David; Dongarra, Gaetano; Gómez, Darió; Hand, Jenny; Harrison, R.M.; Hopke, Philip K.; Hueglin, Christoph; Kuang, Yuan Wen; Lambert, Fabrice; Liang, James; Losno, Remi; Maenhaut, Willy; Milando, Chad; Monteiro, Maria Inês Couto; Morera Gómez, Yasser; Querol, Xavier; Rodríguez, Sergio; Smichowski, Patricia Nora; Varrica, Daniela; Xiao, Yi Hua; Xu, Yangjunjie; Mahowald, Natalie M. Molybdenum (Mo) is a key cofactor in enzymes used for nitrogen (N) fixation and nitrate reduction, and the low availability of Mo can constrain N inputs, affecting ecosystem productivity. Natural atmospheric Mo aerosolization and deposition from sources such as desert dust, sea-salt spray, and volcanoes can affect ecosystem function across long timescales, but anthropogenic activities such as combustion, motor vehicles, and agricultural dust have accelerated the natural Mo cycle. Here we combined a synthesis of global atmospheric concentration observations and modeling to identify and estimate anthropogenic sources of atmospheric Mo. To project the impact of atmospheric Mo on terrestrial ecosystems, we synthesized soil Mo data and estimated the global distribution of soil Mo using two approaches to calculate turnover times. We estimated global emissions of atmospheric Mo in aerosols (<10 μm in diameter) to be 23 Gg Mo yr−1, with 40%–75% from anthropogenic sources. We approximated that for the top meter of soil, Mo turnover times range between 1,000 and 1,000,000 years. In some industrialized regions, anthropogenic inputs have enhanced Mo deposition 100-fold, lowering the soil Mo turnover time considerably. Our synthesis of global observational data, modeling, and a mass balance comparison with riverine Mo exports suggest that anthropogenic activity has greatly accelerated the Mo cycle, with potential to influence N-limited ecosystems.